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Significance of Parshva

Parshva, according to Jainism, is an important figure recognized for his compassionate nature and strength. He is portrayed as a prince who protects King Prasenajit. In a broader South Asian context, Parshva has also provided advice on the different Buddhist schools to Kanishka. Within Theravada traditions, he is acknowledged as an ascetic who established ethical codes that informed later teachings, especially those of Mahavira, marking him as a significant teacher in the Jaina tradition.1
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In Dutch: Parshva; In Finnish: Parshva; In Spanish: Parshva; In German: Parschwa

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Parshva'

Buddhism Books

Parshva in Buddhism is interpreted as an earlier Jaina teacher and ascetic whose ethical teachings significantly influenced Mahavira, underscoring the interconnectedness of ethical thought in Jaina and Buddhist traditions.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)

(1) An earlier ascetic figure recognized in the Jaina tradition, known for his ethical code that influenced later teachings, including those of Mahavira.[1] (2) An earlier Jaina teacher believed to have influenced Mahavira with similar ethical teachings.[2]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Jain concept of 'Parshva'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Parshva represents a compassionate prince known for his strength, tasked with protecting King Prasenajit and demonstrating valor in battle. This portrayal emphasizes themes of courage and benevolence within the tradition.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) A notable figure related to the traditions and rites that followers, such as Nandishena, practiced.[3] (2) The son of Vama and Ashvasena, detailed in relation to his vows.[4] (3) A prince who is depicted as compassionate and powerful, intended to protect King Prasenajit and display his strength in battle.[5]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Parshva in local and regional sources

History Books

Parshva is portrayed as a respected figure who recognized the schisms within Buddhism and provided counsel to Kanishka regarding the diverse schools of thought and their philosophical treatises.

Significance in South Asia:
South Asia Books

From: Buddhist records of the Western world (Xuanzang)

(1) An honored figure who observed the discord within Buddhism and advised Kanishka on the various schools' treatises.[6]