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Vinaya (3): The Cullavagga

by T. W. Rhys Davids | 1881 | 137,074 words

The Cullavagga (part of the Vinaya collection) includes accounts of the First and Second Buddhist Councils as well as the establishment of the community of Buddhist nuns. The Cullavagga also elaborates on the etiquette and duties of Bhikkhus....

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Cullavagga, Khandaka 5, Chapter 8

1. Now at that time the ṭṭ of had acquired a block[2] of sandal-wood of the most precious sandal-wood flavour. And the ṭṭ of Ჹ thought, 'How would it be if I were to have a bowl carved out of this block of sandal-wood, so that the chips[3] shall remain my property, and I can give the bowl away?' And the ṭṭ of Ჹ had a bowl turned out of that block of sandal-wood, and put it in a balance, and had it lifted on to the top of a bamboo[4], and tying that bamboo at the top of a succession of bamboos, he let it be known, saying, 'If any ṇa or Brahman be an Arahat and possessed of Iddhi, let him get down the bowl. It is a gift to him!'

Then ūṇa Kassapa went to the ṭṭ of Ჹ, and said to him, 'I, O householder, am an Arahat and possessed of Iddhi. Give me the bowl.'

'If, Sir, you are an Arahat and possessed of Iddhi, let your reverence get down the bowl!'

Then Makkhali Gosāla, and Ajita Kesa-첹ī, and Pakudha Kaccāyana, and ñᲹⲹ Belaṭṭhiputta, and ṇṭ ٲ-putta went severally to the ṭṭ of Ჹ, [and preferred the same request, and received the same reply.]

Now at that time the venerable Ѳ ѴDzԲ and the venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ, having dressed themselves early in the morning, went into Ჹ, duly bowled and robed, for alms. And the venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ said to the venerable Ѳ ѴDzԲ: 'The venerable Ѳ ѴDzԲ is both an Arahat and possessed of Iddhi. Go, friend ѴDzԲ, and fetch down this bowl, for this bowl belongs to thee.'

'The venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ also is both an Arahat and possessed of Iddhi. Go, friend 屹Ჹ, and fetch down the bowl, for this bowl belongs to thee.'

Then the venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ, rising up in the air, took the bowl, and went thrice round Ჹ (in the air). And at that time the ṭṭ of Ჹ stood in his dwelling-place with his wife and children, and holding up his clasped hands in reverent salutation, he exclaimed, 'May the venerable 屹Ჹ be pleased to descend upon our dwelling-place.' And the venerable 屹Ჹ descended into his dwelling-place. Then the ṭṭ of Ჹ took the bowl from the hands of the venerable 屹Ჹ, and filled it with costly food, and presented it to the venerable 屹Ჹ. And the venerable 屹Ჹ took the bowl, and departed to his Ā峾.

2. Now the people heard, 'The venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ, they say, has got down the Ჹ ṭṭ's bowl.' And those people, with shouts loud and long, followed in the steps of ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ. And the Blessed One heard the shouts loud and long, and on hearing them he asked the venerable ĀԲԻ岹, 'What now, ĀԲԻ岹, does this so great shouting mean?'

The venerable ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ, Lord, has got down the Ჹ ṭṭ's bowl; and the people thereof are following in his steps with shouts loud and long.'

Then the Blessed One, on that occasion and in that connection, convened a meeting of the Bhikkhu-ṃg, and asked ʾṇḍDZ 屹Ჹ, 'Is it true, as they say, that you, 屹Ჹ, have got down the Ჹ ṭṭ's bowl?'

'It is true, Lord.'

The Blessed Buddha rebuked him, saying, 'This is improper, 屹Ჹ, not according to rule, unsuitable, unworthy of a ṇa, unbecoming, and ought not to be done. How can you, 屹Ჹ, for the sake of a miserable wooden pot, display before the laity the superhuman quality of your miraculous power of Iddhi? Just, 屹Ჹ, like a woman who displays herself for the sake of a miserable piece of money[5], have you, for the sake of a miserable wooden pot displayed before the laity the superhuman quality of your miraculous power of Iddhi. This will not conduce, 屹Ჹ, either to the conversion of the unconverted, or to the increase of the converted; but rather to those who have not been converted remaining unconverted, and to the turning back of those who have been converted.'

And when he had rebuked him, and had delivered a religious discourse[6], he addressed the Bhikkhus, and said: 'You are not, O Bhikkhus, to display before the laity the superhuman power of Iddhi. Whosoever does so, shall be guilty of a ܰ첹ṭa[7]. Break to pieces, O Bhikkhus, that wooden bowl; and when you have ground it to powder, give it to the Bhikkhus as perfume for their eye ointments[8]. And you are not, O Bhikkhus, to use wooden bowls. Whosoever does so, shall be guilty of a ܰ첹ṭa[9].'

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

A Burmese version of the following legend is translated by Bishop Bigandet in his 'Legend of the Burmese Buddha,' vol. ii, pp. 212-216 (Third Edition).

[2]:

Candana-ganṭhī uppannā hoti ti candana-ghaṭṭikā uppannā hoti (B.). Compare gaṇṭhikā at Jātaka I, 150 = gaṇḍikā at ibid. II, 124, and our note below on that word at V, 29, 3.

[3]:

Lekha�. It is clear from V, 9, 2, below, and Buddhaghosa's note there, that likhitu� is used in the sense of 'to plane' or 'to adze' wood or metal; and the Sinhalese MSS. read here likha� instead of lekha�. It cannot be 'to turn,' as the turning lathe is quite a modern invention.

[4]:

A similar proceeding is related of a Bhikkhu at 24, 1.

[5]:

Māsaka-rūpassa. On the māsaka, see Rh. D.'s 'Ancient Coins and Measures, &c.,' p. 13. It is evident from the use of the word rūpa here that stamped pieces of money were known in the valley of the Ganges as early as the time when the Cullavagga was composed. The word occurs also below at Cullavagga XII, 1, X.

[6]:

See Cullavagga I, 1, 2.

[7]:

Compare the 4th Pārājika.

[8]:

The use of sandal-wood for this purpose is allowed by the closing words of Ѳvagga VI, 11.

[9]:

This injunction is repeated below in the summary at V, 37.

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