Psoriasis: Understanding Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
causes, diagnosis and management
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Psoriasis
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Subtitle: causes, diagnosis and management
Original source:
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Rohan Gharge, Suvarna Phadatare, Sneha Shinde, Ekta Chogale, Samidha Patil and Prajakta Pujare
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Psoriasis
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202114-22238
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by rapid skin cell proliferation, leading to the formation of thick, silvery scales and inflamed patches on the skin. This disorder can severely affect an individual’s physical and emotional well-being, often coexisting with mental illnesses, arthritis, metabolic disorders, and obesity. The causes of psoriasis are multifaceted, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and certain medications. Though there is currently no cure for psoriasis, various treatment options are available to manage the symptoms effectively.
Genetic and Environmental Influence on Psoriasis
Genetics plays a significant role in the susceptibility to psoriasis. Research has identified over 25 genetic mutations associated with increased risk, although the precise mechanisms linking these genetic factors to psoriasis are not fully understood. Additionally, environmental triggers such as skin injuries, stress, and other illness can exacerbate the condition. Both genetic predisposition and environmental factors create a complex interaction that may initiate or worsen psoriasis flare-ups, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.
Diagnosis and Assessment Tools
Diagnosis of psoriasis typically involves a physical examination of the skin where signs and symptoms are evaluated. A dermatoscope can be employed for a more detailed assessment. In cases where diagnosis is unclear, a skin biopsy might be necessary. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) is a widely used scoring system that assesses the severity of the condition by evaluating erythema, induration, and desquamation across different body regions, allowing healthcare providers to quantify the extent of psoriasis involvement and tailor treatment strategies accordingly.
Treatment Options
A wide range of treatment options exists for psoriasis, which can be broadly categorized into home remedies, topical treatments, and systemic therapies. Home remedies often include natural ingredients like aloe vera, turmeric, and tea tree oil that can provide symptomatic relief. Topical treatments such as corticosteroids and vitamin D analogues are commonly prescribed as first-line therapies. For more severe cases, systemic therapies including biologics that target specific inflammatory pathways, like TNF-alpha and IL-17 inhibitors, are recommended. Clearly, the choice of treatment varies based on the type and severity of psoriasis, emphasizing the importance of personalized care plans.
Conclusion
Psoriasis remains one of the most prevalent non-communicable skin diseases, impacting not only skin health but also associated comorbidities like arthritis and mental health issues. Understanding the genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors that contribute to this condition, along with effective diagnostic and treatment methodologies, can significantly enhance patient outcomes. Ongoing research in the field is essential to further elucidate the complexities of psoriasis, seeking a definitive cure while improving the quality of life for those affected.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is psoriasis and how does it affect individuals?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease that causes rapid skin cell growth, leading to thick silvery scales and itchy red patches. It can significantly affect physical and emotional well-being, causing discomfort and associated health issues like arthritis and obesity.
What are the common types of psoriasis and their symptoms?
Common types include plaque psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, inverse psoriasis, and pustular psoriasis. Symptoms vary, with plaque psoriasis showing red inflamed skin with silvery scales, while guttate psoriasis appears as small red scaly patches.
What lifestyle factors can trigger psoriasis flare-ups?
Stress, alcohol, smoking, and obesity are significant lifestyle factors that may trigger psoriasis. Diet can also influence flare-ups, with certain foods potentially worsening the condition.
How is psoriasis diagnosed by healthcare providers?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination of the skin and might require a skin biopsy for precision. Tools like the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and DLQI assess severity and quality of life impact.
What treatments are available for managing psoriasis symptoms?
Psoriasis treatment options include home remedies like aloe vera and turmeric, topical medications like steroids and vitamin D analogues, and systemic therapies targeting inflammatory cytokines, offering varying degrees of effectiveness based on severity.
Can psoriasis lead to other health complications?
Yes, untreated psoriasis can lead to comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, depression, and obesity, making timely and effective management essential for overall health.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Psoriasis: Understanding Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
Substances used for medical treatment that can alleviate symptoms, control diseases, or affect bodily functions. The article discusses various drugs used for treating psoriasis, including topical steroids and biologics, highlighting their mechanisms of action and impact on psoriasis management.
2) Disease:
Conditions that disrupt normal bodily functions. Psoriasis is one such chronic disease, and its relationship with other comorbidities—such as cardiovascular diseases—highlights the interconnected nature of health conditions.
3) Life:
Refers to the state of being alive or the experiences and activities that constitute one's existence. The impact of psoriasis on life quality can be severe, affecting daily activities, social interactions, and overall well-being, thus emphasizing the importance of effective management and treatment.
4) Table:
A structured arrangement of data organized in rows and columns. In the context of the review, tables are utilized to convey key information succinctly, such as classifications of psoriasis types or listing drugs associated with the condition, aiding in clearer comprehension and reference.
5) Inflammation:
The body's biological response to harmful stimuli, often characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. In psoriasis, inflammation results from an aggravated immune response, leading to the rapid turnover of skin cells and the characteristic plaques associated with the disorder.
6) Hand:
Referring to the singular form of 'hands', it signifies the same importance as an organ in both functionality and aesthetics. In psoriasis, lesions and symptoms can appear on the hand, impacting activities and influencing a person's quality of life.
7) Suffering:
The experience of enduring pain, distress, or hardship. Individuals with psoriasis often endure suffering not just from physical symptoms but also from the psychological effects, such as anxiety and depression, which can accompany chronic illnesses.
8) Quality:
Refers to the standard of something, in this context, the quality of life of individuals affected by psoriasis. Poor quality of life can stem from physical symptoms, uncontrolled flare-ups, and psychological burdens, emphasizing the need for effective treatment strategies.
9) Indian:
Pertaining to India, a country with a diverse population, and a unique cultural context that influences healthcare practices and disease prevalence. The article discusses psoriasis prevalence in India, noting significant rates and the need for tailored medical and lifestyle interventions.
10) Indigo:
A plant-derived substance traditionally used in Chinese medicine, recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties. Its relevance in psoriasis treatment is highlighted through studies demonstrating its clinical efficacy, particularly for plaque psoriasis, as a potential alternative therapy.
11) India:
The nation where the context of the study is framed, indicating regional psoriasis prevalence and management approaches. The discussion includes insights regarding the healthcare system and existing challenges in managing chronic conditions like psoriasis within the country.
12) Study (Studying):
Refers to systematic research aimed at understanding or evaluating a particular phenomenon. In this context, various studies are cited, which interrogate the prevalence, treatment efficacy, and the genetic basis of psoriasis, contributing to the overall knowledge on the disease.
13) Beta:
In the context of the review, 'beta' refers to beta-blockers, a class of drugs that, although used for heart conditions, can induce or exacerbate psoriasis. This highlights the importance of understanding drug interactions in disease management.
14) Tree:
Referring to the source of tea tree oil, recognized for its medicinal properties. The article discusses its anti-inflammatory and potential therapeutic role in alleviating psoriasis symptoms, thereby underlining the significance of natural remedies in skincare.
15) Irritation:
A state where the skin becomes inflamed or aggravated, often resulting from external factors or certain treatments. In psoriasis, irritation can worsen existing symptoms or trigger flare-ups, thereby complicating management strategies.
16) Water:
An essential element for hydration, which is critical for skin health. The article suggests drinking plenty of water might help reduce psoriasis symptoms through improved skin hydration, indicating the importance of lifestyle factors in disease management.
17) Pain:
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. In patients with psoriasis, pain may arise from joint involvement, inflammation, or skin lesions, affecting mobility and overall quality of life.
18) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
A state in India mentioned in the article, which provides context about the geographical prevalence and management of psoriasis. Understanding regional healthcare practices can help tailor treatment approaches and resources to optimize patient care.
19) Depression:
A mental health disorder characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest. Depression is frequently comorbid with psoriasis, underscoring the psychological impact of chronic diseases on mental health and the necessity for holistic treatment approaches.
20) Medicine:
The science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness. This encompasses a broad range of therapies discussed in the article, including traditional allopathic treatments, lifestyle alterations, and natural remedies for managing psoriasis.
21) Turmeric:
A spice known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The article discusses its potential role in reducing psoriasis symptoms, emphasizing the relevance of dietary interventions alongside conventional treatments.
22) Swelling:
The enlargement of body parts, often associated with inflammation. In psoriasis, swelling can occur in affected areas due to immune system activity, leading to discomfort and visibility concerns for patients.
23) Activity:
Referring to actions or behaviors that can affect health. Physical activity is discussed in the context of its potential role in exacerbating or alleviating psoriasis symptoms, highlighting the importance of a balanced lifestyle.
24) Itching:
A common symptom of psoriasis resulting from skin inflammation. Itching can cause significant discomfort, influence patients' emotional well-being, and lead to further skin damage due to scratching.
25) Surface:
The outermost layer of the skin where psoriasis manifests. The appearance and condition of the skin surface are critical for diagnosis and treatment planning in dermatological practice.
26) Family:
Referring to genetic predisposition in psoriasis, where family history can increase the likelihood of developing the condition. Understanding familial links helps in identifying at-risk individuals and tailoring preventive measures.
27) Reason:
Factors or causes attributed to health conditions. The article outlines various reasons for psoriasis development, including genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and lifestyle choices.
28) Filling (Filled):
In this context, it refers to pustular psoriasis, characterized by pus-filled lesions. The term denotes the manifestation and severity of specific psoriasis types, highlighting the disease's diverse presentations.
29) Karma (Karman):
In the context of traditional Asian medicine, karma refers to actions and their consequences, often influencing treatment approaches. The article discusses various traditional methods for psoriasis management under different therapeutic philosophies.
30) Gupta:
A surname suggesting an Indian context. It could represent contributors to research or case studies referenced in the article, indicating collaborative efforts in understanding psoriasis within the Indian healthcare landscape.
31) Patel:
Another common surname in India, possibly indicating contributors to the research. The mention emphasizes the collaborative nature of dermatological studies and the cultural context of healthcare practitioners.
32) Fever:
A rise in body temperature often associated with infections or inflammatory responses. In psoriasis, fever may be a systemic response to severe skin flares and other comorbid conditions.
33) Food:
Nutritional intake that can impact health, including psoriasis. The article discusses dietary factors that may exacerbate the condition, reinforcing the connection between nutrition and skin health.
34) Diet:
A structured approach to food consumption, critical for managing chronic diseases like psoriasis. The implication is that certain dietary adjustments can alleviate symptoms and promote overall health.
35) Line:
In a medical context, it often refers to a course of treatment for managing conditions. The term might also suggest the sequential approach taken for comparing various treatments for psoriasis.
36) Pharmacology:
The branch of medicine concerned with drugs and their effects on bodily functions. Knowledge in pharmacology is vital for understanding psoriasis treatments, leading to the development of targeted therapies.
37) Developing:
Refers to the progression of medical therapies and research in understanding diseases like psoriasis. Ongoing research efforts aim to discover innovative treatments that address the disease more effectively.
38) Scratching:
A behavior often resulting from itching, leading to skin damage and increased inflammation. It is important to manage itching and educate patients to avoid exacerbating their psoriasis through scratching.
39) Parisheka (Pariseka):
A term from traditional Indian medicine associated with therapeutic treatments in Ayurveda. It is mentioned in the context of traditional practices for managing psoriasis, demonstrating the relevance of holistic approaches.
40) Mutation:
Genetic alterations that can contribute to the development of diseases. In psoriasis, specific genetic mutations have been linked to the disease's pathogenesis, indicating the role of genetics in susceptibility.
41) Science (Scientific):
The systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world. It is crucial in understanding disease mechanisms, including psoriasis, paving the way for evidence-based treatments.
42) Gujarat:
A state in India mentioned as an example to highlight regional variations in psoriasis prevalence. Understanding geographical contexts can inform healthcare strategies tailored to specific populations.
43) Krishna (Krsna):
A common name in India, potentially representing cultural references or contributors in the medical literature processed in the context of psoriasis, illustrating the intersection of culture and healthcare.
44) Suvarna:
A name likely reflecting contributors to the research or studies referenced, emphasizing the collaborative nature of the research community in India focusing on dermatological conditions.
45) Anxiety:
A psychological condition often correlated with chronic illnesses. Many psoriasis patients experience anxiety due to their visible symptoms, stigma, and impacts on social integration, requiring comprehensive mental health support.
46) Dravya:
A term used in traditional Indian medicine referring to substances used for healing. The article discusses various herbal and natural substances, showcasing the continuing relevance of traditional remedies in contemporary medical practice.
47) Mishra (Misra):
An Indian surname that may reference contributors to studies or research in the article. It reflects the collaborative aspect of medical research in addressing psoriasis and other diseases.
48) Rashmi (Rasmi):
A common Indian name, potentially indicating a contributor or author in the research literature. This signifies the diverse pool of researchers addressing psoriasis and related conditions in India.
49) Vamana:
An Ayurvedic detoxification procedure referenced in the context of traditional approaches for treating psoriasis. It underscores the importance of alternative medicine in developing holistic treatment strategies.
50) Kushtha (Kustha):
An ancient term referring to skin disorders in Ayurvedic texts. Its mention highlights the historical context of psoriasis within traditional medicine systems and emphasizes the importance of integrated treatment approaches.
51) Mandal:
An Indian name possibly associated with researchers or contributors in the field of dermatology. It signifies the involvement of various practitioners in addressing skin diseases like psoriasis.
52) Weapon:
Refers to an instrument or method utilized in combatting a disease. In this context, it symbolizes the tools or therapies needed to manage and mitigate the impact of psoriasis effectively.
53) Insect:
Refers to triggers for skin conditions, including psoriasis, that can cause irritation. Bites from insects, such as mosquitoes or fleas, can exacerbate skin sensitivity and lead to psoriatic flares.
54) Sneha:
A name potentially representing contributors in the research on psoriasis. This indicates the broad collaboration and diverse expertise existing within the medical and scientific communities in India.
55) Patil:
A common surname in India likely associated with contributors to research studies. The name symbolizes the collective effort in addressing skin disorders such as psoriasis by various practitioners.
56) Chang:
A name that may represent a contributor or researcher in the studies discussed in the article. It reflects the international collaboration in understanding and managing skin diseases like psoriasis.
57) Shri (Sri, Sr):
An honorific or prefix commonly used in Indian names, indicating respect. It represents the cultural context within which the contributors operate, emphasizing the value of integrated traditional and modern healthcare.
58) Hair:
Referring to the strands of protein that can be affected in psoriasis, particularly in cases of scalp psoriasis. Scalp health is crucial for overall treatment efficacy and patient confidence.
59) Koca:
A surname that may represent researchers or contributors in the literature being referenced. It signifies the interconnectedness of the academic community involved in psoriasis research and treatment.
60) Dana:
Another common name potentially reflecting a contributor or researcher in the field. It illustrates how individual efforts contribute collectively to advancing the understanding and treatment of psoriasis.
61) Maya (Maya°):
An Indian name that might indicate a contributor in the research arena. It exemplifies the diversity of individuals and perspectives involved in the ongoing research and treatment efforts focused on psoriasis.
62) Sah:
A common surname in India that could denote contributors to the studies referenced. It reflects the collaborative nature of addressing chronic conditions like psoriasis within the Indian medical community.
63) Meat:
Refers to dietary considerations, with certain meats potentially exacerbating psoriasis symptoms. The importance of diet in managing the condition is emphasized, suggesting the need for individualized nutritional guidance.
64) Sign:
Represents an indication or symptom of a condition, such as psoriasis. Signs of psoriasis include red patches and scaling, critical for accurate diagnosis and management strategies.
65) Tear:
Often associated with emotional responses to chronic illness. Psoriasis can lead to feelings of distress or sadness as individuals navigate their disease, emphasizing the need for comprehensive care addressing emotional wellness.
66) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Refers to a type of skin injury that can trigger or exacerbate psoriasis. Understanding the role of skin injuries in psoriasis flare-ups is critical for preventative measures and patient education.
67) Pur:
Describing a deficiency or low quality, often used to denote inadequate health or social conditions. Psoriasis can lead to poor quality of life due to its physical and emotional burdens, highlighting the need for effective management.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Psoriasis: Understanding Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Differential diagnosis, Dermatology life quality index, Chronic skin disorder, Lifestyle causes, Treatment option, Topical medication, Erythrodermic psoriasis, Psoriatic arthritis, Scalp Psoriasis, Guttate Psoriasis, Pustular psoriasis, Genetic cause, Nail psoriasis, Remission period.