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Anemia and periodontitis: a cross-sectional blood parameter study.

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Evaluation of the relation between anemia and periodontitis by estimation of blood parameters: A cross-sectional study
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

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Author:

Venkata Naga Sri Harsha Anumolu, Adusumilli Srikanth, Kusumalatha Paidi


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Evaluation of the relation between anemia and periodontitis by estimation of blood parameters: A cross-sectional study

Year: 2016 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.176392

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is commonly defined as anemia linked to chronic infections, inflammatory conditions, or neoplastic disorders, which occurs despite adequate stores of iron and vitamins. The relationship between periodontitis, an inflammatory disease affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, and anemia is an important area of investigation. The study aims to evaluate the correlation between anemia and periodontitis by measuring various blood parameters in different groups of patients, thereby understanding whether periodontitis can contribute to the development of anemia similarly to other inflammatory diseases.

Relationship Between Periodontitis and Anemia

In the study, 150 participants were categorized into three distinct groups: healthy controls, chronic generalized gingivitis patients, and chronic generalized periodontitis patients. Key measurements included hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte counts, and several indices that reflect red blood cell characteristics. Results indicated that patients with chronic generalized periodontitis exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin and erythrocyte counts compared to healthy controls. While inflammatory markers like white blood cell counts were elevated in chronic periodontitis, there was no significant difference observed in certain parameters like mean corpuscular volume and erythrocyte sedimentation rate across groups. The findings suggest that inflammatory responses triggered by periodontitis may lead to anemia, resembling the patterns seen in other chronic inflammatory conditions.

Conclusion

The findings from this study underline an important link between periodontal disease and anemia, revealing that chronic periodontitis may contribute to a mild to moderate form of anemia through inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of periodontitis appears beneficial not only for oral health but also for improving hematological parameters, reinforcing the idea that periodontal inflammation can affect systemic health. Thus, healthcare providers should consider the broader health implications of periodontal disease, recognizing its potential role as a contributing factor in the development of anemia.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is anemia of chronic disease?

Anemia of chronic disease is a condition where anemia occurs alongside chronic infections, inflammatory conditions, or neoplastic disorders, despite having adequate iron stores and vitamins. It is not due to bone marrow deficiencies.

How does periodontitis relate to anemia?

The study found that periodontitis may lead to anemia similar to other chronic diseases. In chronic generalized periodontitis patients, there was a significant decrease in hemoglobin and red blood cell counts compared to healthy controls.

What were the main findings of the study on periodontitis?

The study revealed that chronic generalized periodontitis patients had lower hemoglobin and erythrocyte counts, with elevated white blood cell counts. Treatment of periodontitis improved hematological values, suggesting its contribution to anemia.

What are the statistical methods used in the study?

The study utilized one-way ANOVA for intergroup comparisons, Newman–Keuls multiple post-hoc tests for pairwise comparisons, and Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient for analyzing relationships among blood parameters in different groups.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Anemia and periodontitis: a cross-sectional blood parameter study.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
In research, a 'Table' organizes data systematically, summarizing results for clarity. Each entry may represent a variable or observation relevant to the study's findings. In medical studies, tables help present blood parameters, demographic data, and results from comparisons, aiding in understanding the relationships between health conditions.

2) Blood:
Blood is critical in health, serving as a medium for oxygen and nutrients, and playing roles in immunity. In the context of anemia and periodontitis, blood parameters such as hemoglobin levels and white blood cell counts are analyzed to determine systemic effects of periodontal inflammation on overall health.

3) Study (Studying):
A 'Study' refers to an organized investigation aimed at answering specific research questions. In this context, it evaluates the relationship between anemia and periodontitis, providing insights into how chronic inflammatory diseases impact blood parameters. Such studies help formulate treatment approaches and develop preventive health strategies.

4) Disease:
'Disease' denotes any deviation from healthy physiological functioning. Chronic diseases, including periodontitis and anemia of chronic disease, can significantly affect individual health. Understanding diseases helps in identifying their causes, effects on organs and systems, and guiding clinical decisions for effective management and prevention of associated complications.

5) Post:
'Post' in a research context usually refers to events or measurements after specific interventions or observations. For instance, post-treatment evaluations can indicate the efficacy of periodontal treatments, highlighting changes in blood parameters such as hemoglobin and red blood cell counts in relation to chronic inflammation.

6) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' is the body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. In chronic diseases like periodontitis, inflammation can cause systemic effects such as anemia. The release of inflammatory cytokines leads to altered blood parameters, emphasizing the interconnectedness of oral health and systemic conditions.

7) Bleeding:
'Bleeding' refers to the loss of blood from the circulatory system, often a concern in various medical conditions. In periodontal disease, bleeding gums can signal inflammation and contribute to systemic issues like anemia. Understanding bleeding patterns helps in diagnosing conditions and evaluating the severity of diseases.

8) Relative:
'Relative' is a term used to compare findings or results within specific contexts. In this study, it may relate to the relative changes in blood parameters across different patient groups. Such comparisons are essential for understanding the impacts of diseases like periodontitis on overall health status.

9) Male:
'Male' signifies one of the two primary biological sexes. In clinical studies, gender differences can significantly influence disease manifestation and responses to treatment. This study includes male patients, ensuring considerations of gender impact when evaluating the relationship between periodontitis and anemia.

10) Rheumatoid arthritis:
'Rheumatoid arthritis' (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects joints. It is associated with anemia of chronic disease due to inflammatory cytokine release that interferes with erythropoiesis. Understanding RA's connection with periodontal health emphasizes the need for comprehensive approaches in treating chronic diseases.

11) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
'Transforming' often relates to a process of change or development. In medical research, it signifies changes in biological markers or conditions, such as the transformation of health status following treatment. Understanding transforming growth factor pathways can illuminate relationships between inflammation and various disease processes.

12) Siddhartha (Siddha-artha):
'Siddhartha' refers to the Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, which plays a key role in conducting the study. Institutions like Siddhartha contribute to advancing dental and medical research, providing settings for clinical trials that address critical health issues, such as the interplay between periodontal diseases and systemic health.

13) Discussion:
'Discussion' is a vital section in research papers where authors interpret results, highlight implications, and relate findings to existing literature. It connects study outcomes with broader knowledge, facilitating understanding of how findings on anemia and periodontitis contribute to ongoing conversations in medical research and practice.

14) Medicine:
'Medicine' is the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing health conditions. It encompasses diverse therapeutic fields, including periodontology and hematology, where understanding diseases like anemia in the context of periodontal inflammation is crucial for enhancing patient care and health outcomes through informed practice.

15) Science (Scientific):
'Science' embodies systematic knowledge and inquiry, forming the foundation for medical research. Through rigorous experiments and observations, science elucidates connections between diseases, such as those between periodontal health and systemic effects like anemia, guiding evidence-based practices for improving health outcomes.

16) Mandal:
'Mandal' refers to geographic administrative divisions. In the context of this study, it provides a locational reference for the setting where research is conducted, signifying its potential influence on demographic factors affecting health, such as the prevalence of periodontal disease in local populations.

17) Nature:
'Nature' relates to the natural world, which science seeks to understand. In medical research, it encompasses the biological processes and systems involved in health and disease. The interplay between nature and disease informs our understanding of conditions like periodontitis and its systemic associations.

18) Animal:
'Animal' references living organisms often used in research to study disease mechanisms, treatments, and biological responses. Animal studies can inform human health profiles, contributing to insights into diseases like periodontitis and anemia, leading to better understanding and advancement of therapeutic approaches.

19) Sudha:
'Sudha' refers to Dr. Sudha, likely one of the contributors or associated figures at the Siddhartha Institute. Such individuals play essential roles in conducting research, influencing practices in periodontology, and contributing to the advancement of knowledge concerning chronic diseases and their systemic effects.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Anemia and periodontitis: a cross-sectional blood parameter study.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Etiological factor, Clinical trial, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Clinical presentation, Hemoglobin level, Intergroup comparison, Mean corpuscular volume, Inflammatory cytokines, Chronic generalized gingivitis, Systemic circulation, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, Anemia of chronic disease, Bacteremia, Healthy control, Periodontal tissue, Erythropoietin production, Chronic generalized periodontitis.

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