Efficacy and safety of 'Afrodet Plus®' in male rats
Journal name: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
Original article title: Efficacy and safety of a herbo-mineral ayurvedic formulation ‘Afrodet Plus®� in male rats
The Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine (JAIM) is an open-access publication promoting collaboration between Ayurveda, traditional medicine, and biomedicine, publishing research on integrative health sciences
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Rohit Dhumal, Tushara Vijaykumar, Vikas Dighe, Nilakash Selkar, Mukesh Chawda, Mahesh Vahlia, Geeta Vanage
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine:
(A monthly peer-reviewed publication)
Full text available for: Efficacy and safety of a herbo-mineral ayurvedic formulation ‘Afrodet Plus®� in male rats
Year: 2013 | Doi: 10.4103/0975-9476.118706
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
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Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Efficacy and safety of 'Afrodet Plus®' in male rats�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Animal:
The term 'Animal' refers to the use of live subjects in this research, specifically adult male Holtzman rats, which serve as a model to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Afrodet Plus®. It underscores a key aspect of the study, focusing on living organisms to assess biological effects that may be indicative of similar outcomes in humans.
2) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' signifies a structured investigation of Afrodet Plus® aimed at validating its claims regarding male infertility treatment. It highlights the systematic approach taken, which encompasses experimental design, treatment administration, and subsequent analysis of various physiological parameters, thereby supporting the credibility of the findings.
3) Male (Mālē):
'Male' indicates the gender of the subjects used in this research, which is significant given the formulation's intent to address male infertility. It emphasizes the targeted demographic and underscores relevant biological differences in reproductive health and pharmacological response as compared to females, addressing specific health concerns.
4) Table:
The term 'Table' refers to a systematic representation of data that simplifies the analysis of results. In the context of this study, tables are employed to present averages and statistical outcomes clearly, allowing for straightforward comparisons between control and treatment groups, which aids in interpretations of the study's findings.
5) Relative:
'Relative' in this context relates to organ weights measured against body weight ratios, providing normative data for assessing physiological and pharmacological effects of the treatment. It helps to evaluate the impact of Afrodet Plus® on specific organs while accounting for overall animal size and ensuring valid comparisons.
6) Pharmacology:
'Pharmacology' is the branch of science concerned with the study of drug action and interaction within biological systems. This term highlights the study's backdrop of understanding how Afrodet Plus® affects fertility and testosterone levels in male rats, thus aiming to validate ancient therapeutic claims through modern scientific protocols.
7) Ayurveda (Āyurveda, Ayus-veda):
'Ayurveda' refers to the traditional Indian system of medicine from which Afrodet Plus® derives its components. It underscores the study's foundation, connecting historical practices with contemporary research methodologies, highlighting the formulation's herbal roots and its application toward enhancing reproductive health based on ancient wisdom.
8) Mineral:
The term 'Mineral' signifies the inclusion of inorganic constituents like Yashada Bhasma (Zinc) in Afrodet Plus®. These elements are thought to contribute therapeutic benefits, particularly for male reproductive health, and their role as active components in improving sperm quality and hormonal balance within the study is essential.
9) Bhasma (Bhasman):
'Bhasma' refers to an ayurvedic concept of incinerated minerals, which are processed for therapeutic use. In this study, Yashada Bhasma is included in Afrodet Plus®, indicating how traditional practices incorporate sophisticated methods to ensure bioavailability and efficacy of minerals, thereby enhancing the formulation's overall therapeutic potential.
10) Activity:
'Activity' highlights the functional effects resulting from administration of Afrodet Plus®. It refers to both biological and pharmacological responses, particularly focusing on the enhancement of sperm production, testosterone levels, and overall efficacy in treating male infertility, thus measuring the formulation's effectiveness.
11) Blood:
'Blood' is critical in this study as it relates to the assessment of serum testosterone levels and hematological parameters. Evaluating blood provides insight into systemic effects of Afrodet Plus® on hormonal balance and overall health, further indicating the formulation's potential impact on vital physiological processes.
12) Sign:
'Sign' indicates key findings or indicators observed during the study, such as the increase in sperm count and testosterone levels. This term emphasizes the critical nature of these indicators in determining the formulation's effectiveness and safety, guiding interpretations of the study's results and their implications.
13) Drug:
'Drug' refers to the active therapeutic agents being assessed, in this case Afrodet Plus®. It establishes the central notion of inquiry within the study, examining the pharmacological effects of the formulation on male fertility, correlating ancient remedies with modern scientific validation of their therapeutic claims.
14) Yashada (Yaśada):
'Yashada' refers to Zinc, utilized in Bhasma form in Afrodet Plus®. Known for its essential role in spermatogenesis and testosterone production, this mineral's incorporation into the formulation underscores its significance in addressing male infertility, thereby linking traditional medicine with current pharmacological understanding of reproductive health.
15) Cage (Cāge):
'Cage' relates to the housing environment in which the rats were maintained during the experiment. Proper cage conditions are crucial for animal welfare, affecting the study's reliability and validity. It emphasizes the ethical considerations in animal research methodologies and highlights habitat control for accurate experimental results.
16) Withania somnifera:
'Withania somnifera', also known as Ashwagandha, is a key ingredient in Afrodet Plus®. This herb is noted for its adaptogenic properties and role in enhancing reproductive health, making it integral to the formulation's aphrodisiac claims and emphasizing Ayurveda's focus on the synergy of plant constituents for medicinal benefits.
17) Asparagus racemosus:
'Asparagus racemosus' is another component of Afrodet Plus® recognized for its traditional use in enhancing reproductive function. This herb's inclusion substantiates the formulation's basis on historical practices while contributing to the observed positive effects on sperm production and male reproductive health verified in the study.
18) Observation:
'Observation' refers to the systematic recording of behavioral, physiological, and biological responses during the experiment. This key aspect of the study enables the accumulation of quantitative and qualitative data, which serves as the foundation for assessing the efficacy and safety of Afrodet Plus® in male rats.
19) Toxicity:
'Toxicity' is a significant measure in assessing the safety of Afrodet Plus®. The study evaluates any adverse effects or pathological changes in test subjects, stressing the importance of ensuring that traditional formulations do not lead to harmful outcomes, thus confirming the formulation's suitability for therapeutic use.
20) Samhita (Saṃhitā, Saṃhita):
'Samhita' refers to ancient Ayurvedic texts that document therapeutic properties of various herbs and minerals. This term highlights the foundational knowledge from which Afrodet Plus® is derived and underscores the significance of historical literature in informing contemporary pharmacological research in the context of male infertility.
21) Powder:
'Powder' signifies the form in which Afrodet Plus® was administered to the rats. The decision to use powdered extract allows for precise dosage and uniform distribution of active ingredients, directly affecting the study's outcome and ensuring the efficacy of the formulation during the experimental process.
22) Indian:
'Indian' indicates the geographical and cultural context of Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine from which Afrodet Plus® originates. This term emphasizes the significance of Indian herbal knowledge and practices in developing contemporary formulations, showcasing the rich historical backdrop supporting the study's legitimacy and relevance.
23) Shri (Śri, Śrī, Ś�, S�, S�):
'Shree' is a term that signifies respect and veneration in Indian culture. Here, it refers to Shree Dhootpapeshwar Pvt. Ltd., acknowledging the support and funding of the study. The inclusion of such entities underscores partnerships between traditional knowledge and modern scientific investigations in health-related research.
24) Casha (Cāṣa, Cāsa):
'Casa' refers to Computer-Assisted Semen Analyzer, a method used for evaluating sperm motility and quality. Its inclusion in the study signifies the use of advanced technology to yield accurate and objective measurements of reproductive parameters, indicating the significance of precise evaluation methods in pharmacological research.
25) Tinospora cordifolia:
'Tinospora cordifolia' is a key herb included in the formulation, recognized for various health benefits including immune enhancement and reproductive support. Its presence in Afrodet Plus® underscores a balanced approach to combining traditional medicinal knowledge with current scientific evidence to enhance fertility outcomes.
26) Emblica officinalis:
'Emblica officinalis', also known as Amla, is widely used in Ayurvedic formulations for its antioxidant properties. Its inclusion in Afrodet Plus® represents a synergistic enhancement of the formulation, thus addressing male infertility through support in overall health, corroborating both historical and empirical medicinal practices.
27) Dioscorea bulbifera:
'Dioscorea bulbifera' refers to another herb that contributes to the formulation of Afrodet Plus®. Its role highlights the integrative approach of using multiple herbal constituents, essential in Ayurveda, aimed at bolstering reproductive health, illustrating how diverse botanical sources are crucial for effective therapeutic outcomes.
28) Sushruta-samhita (Suśruta-saṃhitā):
'Sushruta-samhita' is an ancient Ayurvedic text detailing surgical techniques and medicinal plants. Referring to it emphasizes the historical roots of Afrodet Plus® and strengthens the legitimacy of using herbomineral formulations based on time-honored medical practices for treating male reproductive disorders in contemporary settings.
29) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' highlights the potential of certain components in Afrodet Plus® to combat microbial infections, which could influence reproductive health. The inclusion of this characteristic suggests a multifaceted approach in treating male infertility by not only boosting fertility but potentially addressing underlying infections that impair reproductive function.
30) Calculation:
'Calculation' refers to the systematic analysis of collected data, vital for assessing the results of the study. It emphasizes the importance of statistical methods in deriving meaningful conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of Afrodet Plus®, ensuring that findings are supported by robust quantitative evidence.
31) Vajikarana (Vājīkaraṇa):
'Vajikarana' is an important branch of Ayurveda focused on enhancing fertility and sexual health. The mention of this term underscores the specific traditional therapeutic goals of Afrodet Plus® and affirms the workshop of ancient knowledge that influences modern applications in treating male reproductive health issues.
32) Science (Scientific):
'Science' embodies the application of empirical methods in researching Afrodet Plus®, linking ancient practices with contemporary validation criteria. It represents the overarching framework guiding the study, ensuring that the observed effects are supported by rigorous experimental methodology and uphold standards of scientific inquiry.
33) Substance:
'Substance' refers to the active formulation of Afrodet Plus® comprising various herbs and minerals. This term underscores the essence of what is being studied—the complex interplay of natural components aimed at enhancing male reproductive health, linking traditional knowledge with pragmatic application in current health practices.
34) Observing:
'Observing' involves monitoring and documenting the effects of Afrodet Plus® throughout the experimental period. This methodological practice is critical for drawing conclusions and understanding performance over time, thereby reinforcing the evidence base supporting the formulation's effectiveness in treating male infertility.
35) Quality:
'Quality' refers to the measurement of various physiological parameters such as sperm count and motility that are evaluated during the study. It emphasizes the focus on not only quantity but also how effectively Afrodet Plus® improves sperm characteristics, thus addressing comprehensive aspects of male reproductive health.
36) Sharad (Śarad):
'Sharad' refers to Mr. Sharad Bhagat, an individual acknowledged in the study for providing assistance, highlighting collaboration and teamwork essential in conducting research. It illustrates the human element associated with scientific inquiry, emphasizing the importance of various contributors in achieving study outcomes.
37) Bhagat:
'Bhagat' reinforces the acknowledgment of Mr. Sharad Bhagat's contributions to the study. His role symbolizes the collaborative spirit within research and signifies how diverse expertise unifies to conduct meaningful scientific investigations, which gives credibility and thoroughness to the findings derived from the study.
38) Debate:
'Debate' refers to the ongoing discussions surrounding the use of metals, like Yashada Bhasma, in Ayurvedic formulations. This term captures the critical scrutiny these practices face within scientific and public realms, highlighting the necessity for continued dialogue on safety, efficacy, and integrative approaches in herbal medicine research.
39) Medium:
'Medium' signifies the solution used to suspend powdered Afrodet Plus® for administration. It is critical for ensuring uniform distribution and bioavailability of the active ingredients, which directly affects the study's reliability and the ability to draw accurate conclusions about the formulation's effects on male fertility.
40) India:
'India' signifies the geographical and cultural origin of Ayurveda and the Ayurvedic formulation being studied. It establishes the context of the research, emphasizing local traditions and knowledge systems that inform health practices, thereby bridging the gap between ancient wisdom and modern pharmacological evidence.
41) Kadam:
'Kadam' refers to Mr. Subhash Kadam, another individual recognized for his contributions to the study. Acknowledging team members emphasizes the collaborative nature of research, ensuring that contributions from various expertise domains are valued, which enhances the robustness of scientific findings derived from team efforts.
42) Glass:
'Glass' denotes the material used in laboratory settings for holding and analyzing samples, including blood and tissue sections. This term points to the rigorous standards of laboratory practices, ensuring material integrity essential for accurate data collection and evaluation in scientific experiments.
43) Water:
'Water' refers to the purified drinking resource provided to the rats during the study. The importance of fresh, filtered water ensures the health and wellbeing of the animals, which is crucial for maintaining experimental integrity and avoiding confounding variables in assessing the effects of Afrodet Plus®.
44) House:
'House' refers to the controlled environment in which experimental subjects (rats) were maintained. Proper housing conditions are vital for animal welfare, impacting their health and behavior, and assuring that experimental results are valid and reflective of the treatment effects being studied.
45) Paddy:
'Paddy' refers to the use of softened rice husk as bedding in cages for the rats. This choice reflects considerations for animal comfort and hygiene, which are essential in research design, ensuring that no extraneous variables compromise the integrity and validity of the study outcomes.
46) Diet:
'Diet' signifies the specific nutritional food provided to the rats during the study, which is critical for maintaining their health. A controlled diet avoids nutritional variances that could skew experimental results, emphasizing the study's rigor in isolating the pharmacological effects of Afrodet Plus®.
Other Science Concepts:
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