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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎n Unexplored Drug Mamajjaka (Enicostemma Littorale Blume)-A Drug Review鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
Enicostemma littorale Blume, also known as Mamajjaka, is a herbaceous drug used in traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani for treating various diseases due to its pharmacological properties

2) Toxicity:
Swertiamarin, an active component of Enicostemma littorale, was studied for acute and sub chronic toxicity. Results indicated no significant toxicity or mortality in the animal models, confirming the safety of the drug

3) Pharmacological:
The pharmacological properties of Enicostemma littorale Blume include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and antitumor activities

4) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Various Ayurvedic texts or Nighantu, such as Shodhal Nighantu and Bhavprakash Nighantu, mention the properties and uses of Mamajjaka, including its antipyretic, anti-helminthic, and Vata disorder treatments

5) Disease:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is traditionally used to treat various diseases, including fever, diabetes, skin disorders, rheumatism, obesity, and snake bite, demonstrating its broad therapeutic potential

6) Ulcer:
Antiulcer activity of Enicostemma littorale Blume was studied using aspirin, ethanol, and pyloric ligation induced ulcer models in rats, where the extract showed significant reduction in ulcer index and improved gastric parameters

7) Indian:
Enicostemma littorale Blume, known as Chhota Chirayata in Hindi, plays an important role in traditional Indian medicine, mentioned in Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani systems for treating existing prevalent conditions

8) Tikta:
Ayurvedic texts describe the taste of Enicostemma littorale, including 'Tikta' (bitter), which contributes to its therapeutic properties like reducing Kapha and Pitta doshas

9) India:
Enicostemma littorale is commonly found in the coastal areas of India, particularly in states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh, and possesses significant medicinal properties used in Ayurveda

10) Fever:
In Ayurveda, Enicostemma littorale is used as an antipyretic, traditionally preparing juice with Piper Nigrum or in powdered form with buttermilk to reduce malarial fever

11) Science (Scientific):
The review provides scientific evidence supporting the medicinal benefits of Enicostemma littorale Blume and serves as a base for future research into its therapeutic properties and potential applications

12) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda incorporates Enicostemma littorale (Mamajjaka) in treating various diseases due to its natural and safe herbal properties, being widely recognized in numerous Ayurvedic texts and journals

13) Anjana (Amjana):
[see source text or glossary: Anjana]

14) Family:
Enicostemma littorale Blume belongs to the Gentianaceae family, which includes herbaceous plants known for their pharmacological properties beneficial to human health

15) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
[see source text or glossary: Sharma]

16) Animal:
Animal models were used to study the pharmacological properties of Enicostemma littorale, such as its antitumor, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic activities, confirming its therapeutic potential through various experiments

17) Powder:
In traditional practice, Enicostemma littorale Blume is often used in powder form, recommended in doses of 1-3 grams for specific treatments, such as with buttermilk for malarial fever

18) Tamil:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is locally used in Tamil Nadu for its medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activities, known in Tamil as Vallari

19) Katu:
Ayurvedic texts refer to Enicostemma littorale as 'Katu' (pungent), describing its taste and therapeutic properties, particularly effective in Vata disorders and reducing Kapha dosha

20) Rasa (Rasha):
In Ayurveda, Enicostemma littorale is described in terms of its 'Rasa' (taste), where it is known to have 'Tikta' (bitter) and 'Katu' (pungent) tastes beneficial for various treatments

21) Sahu:
[see source text or glossary: Sahu]

22) Phytochemical:
The plant Enicostemma littorale Blume is rich in various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which contribute to its diverse pharmacological activities

23) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
[see source text or glossary: Tamil-nadu]

24) Snake-bite:
Traditional use of Enicostemma littorale Blume includes treatment for snake bites, where the plant is applied externally or consumed for its therapeutic properties

25) Flavonoid:
Enicostemma littorale Blume contains several flavonoids such as apigenin, genkwanin, and saponarin, which contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and therapeutic properties

26) Medicine:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is integral in traditional Indian medicine, including Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani, employed for its wide range of pharmacological effects on human health

27) Gujarat:
The plant Enicostemma littorale Blume is found abundantly in Gujarat, India, and is used locally under various names like Mamejua in Gujarati for treating multiple ailments

28) Hindi (Himdi):
In Hindi, Enicostemma littorale Blume is known as Chhota Chirayata, highlighting its significance in Indian folk medicine for managing different health conditions

29) Nadu:
[see source text or glossary: Nadu]

30) Insect poison (Insect venom):
In traditional practices, Enicostemma littorale Blume is used to treat insect poisoning, utilizing its therapeutic properties to alleviate symptoms and improve health outcomes

31) Human life:
Ayurvedic herbs like Enicostemma littorale Blume are natural and safe, playing a significant role in enhancing human life and treating various health conditions through herbal remedies

32) Human body:
Ayurveda uses Enicostemma littorale Blume for its beneficial effects on the human body, leveraging its various parts to treat numerous ailments naturally and safely

33) New Delhi:
The study of Enicostemma littorale Blume involves researchers from Choudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, located in New Delhi, India

34) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Besides Gujarat, Enicostemma littorale Blume grows in Maharashtra, where it is utilized in traditional medicine due to its diverse therapeutic properties

35) Kaphapitta (Kapha-pitta):
Enicostemma littorale Blume is known to balance Kapha and Pitta doshas in Ayurvedic medicine, aiding in the treatment of disorders related to these imbalances like fever and skin diseases

36) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
The Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan at Choudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan specializes in studying the properties of medicinal plants like Enicostemma littorale Blume

37) Butter milk (Buttermilk):
Traditional use of Enicostemma littorale Blume includes mixing its powder with buttermilk to treat malarial fever, a practice mentioned in Ayurvedic texts

38) Discussion:
The discussion section of the review provides a detailed description of Enicostemma littorale Blume, its taxonomy, natural habitat, vernacular names, and ethnobotanical uses

39) Salivation:
No significant physiological changes, including salivation, were observed in toxicity studies of Swertiamarin, a component of Enicostemma littorale, confirming its safety

40) Karnataka:
Enicostemma littorale Blume can also be cultivated in Karnataka due to its suitable climatic conditions, expanding its availability for medicinal use

41) Rajasthan:
The plant Enicostemma littorale Blume grows in Rajasthan, facilitating its use in traditional medicine practices within the state for treating various diseases

42) Surendra (Sura-indra, Suremdra):
Enicostemma littorale Blume is formulated in Ayurvedic medicine as Vayucchaya Surendra Taila, used in treating specific health conditions

43) Vataroga (Vata-roga):
Traditional use of Enicostemma littorale Blume includes treating Vataroga (diseases related to Vata dosha), supported by its 'Katu' and 'Tikta' tastes that help in balancing Vata

44) Gujarati:
In Gujarati, Enicostemma littorale Blume is known as Mamejua, reflecting its local usage in treating ailments like diabetes and skin disorders using traditional knowledge

45) Swelling:
Traditional use of Enicostemma littorale includes applications to treat swelling caused by various conditions, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties

46) Vallari:
In Tamil Nadu, Enicostemma littorale Blume is known as Vallari, and is used traditionally for its medicinal properties such as antiulcer and anti-inflammatory effects

47) Habitat:
Enicostemma littorale Blume grows well in areas with 700-800 mm rainfall, warm climate, and can be found in states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh

48) Leprosy:
Traditional medicinal uses of Enicostemma littorale Blume include treatment of leprosy, exploiting the plant's antimicrobial and therapeutic properties to alleviate symptoms

49) Siddha:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is utilized in the Siddha medicinal system, treating various ailments such as skin diseases, diabetes, and stomach disorders through its herbal benefits

50) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ayurvedic text API mentions 'Ruksha' (dry) qualities of Enicostemma littorale Blume, contributing to its therapeutic properties against disorders associated with excess moisture

51) Madhya:
[see source text or glossary: Madhya]

52) Andhra (Amdhra):
Enicostemma littorale Blume can be cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, providing a suitable environment for growing this medicinal plant due to its similar climatic conditions as other regions

53) Kushtha (Kustha):
In Ayurveda, Enicostemma littorale Blume is used in the treatment of Kustha (skin diseases), demonstrating its effectiveness in managing conditions like leprosy and other dermal disorders

54) Bombay:
In Bombay (Mumbai), the plant is locally known as Kada-vinayi and Manucha, reflecting its regional significance in traditional medicine practices

55) Aureus:
Research indicates that Enicostemma littorale Blume has potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus among other bacteria, demonstrating its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties

56) Bitter:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is known for its bitter taste ('Tikta'), which is indicative of its therapeutic qualities in Ayurveda, such as treating fever, skin disorders, and digestive issues

57) Nature:
[see source text or glossary: Nature]

58) Summer:
Ideal temperature for growing Enicostemma littorale Blume ranges between 25-35掳C during summer months, contributing to its effective cultivation in suited climatic conditions

59) Insect:
[see source text or glossary: Insect]

60) Pitta:
Enicostemma littorale Blume balances Pitta dosha in Ayurvedic medicine, aiding in treatments related to digestive and inflammatory disorders due to its 鈥楾ikta鈥� (bitter) and 'Katu' (pungent) properties

61) Kapha:
In Ayurveda, Enicostemma littorale Blume is used for its beneficial effect on Kapha dosha, helping to balance this bodily humor and treat related conditions like colds and congestion

62) Laghu:
Ayurvedic text API describes Enicostemma littorale Blume as having 'Laghu' (light) properties, contributing to its effectiveness in treating digestive and metabolic disorders

63) Taila (Thaila):
In Ayurvedic medicine, Enicostemma littorale Blume鈥檚 therapeutic properties are used in formulations like Vayucchaya Surendra Taila to treat various health conditions

64) Ushna (Usna):
Ayurvedic texts describe Enicostemma littorale Blume as having 'Ushna' (warming) virya, which helps in treating disorders caused by cold and stagnation in the body

65) Priya:
[see source text or glossary: Priya]

66) Virya:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is described in Ayurveda as having 'Ushna' virya, meaning it produces a heating effect in the body, aiding in treating cold-associated disorders

67) Delhi:
Research on Enicostemma littorale Blume is conducted at institutions such as Choudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan in New Delhi, India, contributing to its scientific exploration

68) Dabar:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is studied in programs at Choudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, located in Khera Dabar, New Delhi, examining its various medicinal properties

69) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]

70) Khera:
[see source text or glossary: Khera]

71) Blood:
The hypoglycemic activity of Enicostemma littorale Blume involves significantly lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic models, proving its efficacy in managing diabetes

72) Veda:
Mamajjaka (Enicostemma littorale Blume) has not been mentioned in Vedic texts, but it has a historical presence in other Ayurvedic literature from the 12th century onwards

73) Nahi:
In Shodhal Nighantu, synonyms like 'Nahi' are mentioned for Mamajjaka (Enicostemma littorale Blume), signifying its varied nomenclature in Ayurvedic medicine

74) Kada (Ka-da):
In Bombay (Mumbai), Enicostemma littorale Blume is known as Kada-vinayi, utilized regionally for treating various ailments through traditional practices

75) Vata:
Enicostemma littorale Blume is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat Vata disorders, balancing this dosha through its therapeutic properties like 鈥楾ikta鈥� and 'Katu' tastes

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 81]