Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes definition of meditation (dhyana) which is verse 9.27 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 27 of the chapter Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 9.27 - Definition of meditation (诲丑测腻苍补)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha s奴tra 9.27:
啶夃い啷嵿い啶じ啶傕す啶ㄠえ啶膏啶啶曕ぞ啶椸啶班啶苦え啷嵿い啶距え啶苦ぐ啷嬥ぇ啷� 啶о啶ぞ啶ㄠぎ啶距え啷嵿い啶班啶啶灌啶班啶むぞ啶む 啷� 啷�.啷ㄠキ 啷�
uttama蝉补峁僪补苍补苍补syaik膩gracint膩nirodho 诲丑测腻苍补m膩ntarmuh奴rt膩t || 9.27 ||
Concentration of thought on one particular object is meditation鈥�诲丑测腻苍补. In case of the person with superior (first three kinds of) physical sturdiness and strength鈥�蝉补峁僪补苍补苍补鈥搃t extends up to one 尘耻丑奴谤迟补. (27)
Hindi Anvayarth:
啶呧え啷嵿さ啶ぞ啶班啶�: [啶夃い啷嵿い啶じ啶傕す啶ㄠえ啶膏啶痌 啶夃い啷嵿い啶� 啶膏啶灌え啶� 啶掂ぞ啶侧 啶曕 [啶� 啶呧え啷嵿い啶班啶啶灌啶班啶むぞ啶む] 啶呧え啷嵿い啶班啶啶灌啶班啶� 啶む [啶忇啶距啷嵿ぐ啶氞た啶ㄠ啶むぞ啶ㄠた啶班啶о 啶о啶ぞ啶ㄠぎ啷峕 啶忇啶距啷嵿ぐ啶むぞ啶啶班啶掂 啶氞た啶ㄠ啶むぞ 啶曕ぞ 啶ㄠた啶班啶� 啶膏 啶о啶ぞ啶� 啶灌啷�
Anvayartha: [uttamasamhananasya] uttama samhanana vale ke [a antarmuhurtat] antarmuhurta taka [ekagracintanirodho dhyanam] ekagratapurvaka cinta ka nirodha so dhyana hai |
Explanation in English from 膧c膩rya P奴jyap膩da鈥檚 Sarv膩rthasiddhi:
惭别诲颈迟补迟颈辞苍鈥�诲丑测腻苍补鈥搘as set apart for elaborate treatment. It is now time to discuss its divisions. But, passing it over, its agent, nature and duration are described.
The first three kinds of physical sturdiness and strength鈥�vajra峁涐梗a-bha苍腻谤腻肠补 蝉补峁僪补苍补苍补, 惫补箩谤补苍腻谤腻肠补 蝉补峁僪补苍补苍补, and 苍腻谤腻肠补 蝉补峁僪补苍补苍补鈥揳re included here. Meditation (诲丑测腻苍补) is possible for the individuals possessing these three physical structures. But salvation is possible only for the ascetic with the first kind of physical structure. He who has the best physical structure is the agent.
鈥楨k膩gra鈥� means having one point, edge or object. Thought is characterized by throbbing or quivering, as it embraces several objects. Concentration is turning the thought away from several objects and fixing it on one. By this the nature of meditation has been described.
鈥�惭耻丑奴谤迟补鈥� is the period of time. Within one 尘耻丑奴谤迟补 is 鈥�antar尘耻丑奴谤迟补鈥�. The time limit is within one 尘耻丑奴谤迟补. It is not possible to maintain concentration beyond that. A contention is raised: if curbing or restraining the thought is meditation then meditation is non-existent like the horns of a donkey. There is no contradiction. It is said to be non-existent from the point of view of the removal of other thoughts, but existent with regard to the particular thought. Non-existence is the other form of existence and it too is the characteristic of an object, as it is admitted to be a cause. Or 鈥�nirodha鈥� is not an abstract noun. What else is it? It is a verbal noun. That which is confined is confinement. Confinement of thought is the purport. Knowledge which shines without quivering, like the steady flame, is meditation鈥�诲丑测腻苍补.