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Many modern scholars have accused Hemacandra of including many Tadbhava words in the Desinamamala through ignorance. Buhler says that Hemacandra inspite of his rare knowledge of Sanskrit and Prakrit, his large library and numerous assistants has mistaken Tadbhavas and Tatsamas for Dest forms.' Grammatik der Prakrit-Sprachen says that like Dhanapala, Hemacandra also includes falsamas and tadbhavas under Dest, but in proportion to the volume of Paialacchinamamala (Gottingen, 1878) Introduction, pp- 12-13 1. 1

the work, their number is very small, and for a knowledge of Prakrit it is extra-ordinarily essential. ' Gune also charges Hemacandra with having put down certain Sk words as Desis. He accuses Hemacandra that the latter has omitted to mention real Desis Vaidya says that a majority of these words are traceable to Sanskrit Vaidya also says that modern philology has made considerable advace in recent years to find fault with Hemacandra's definition of the term Dest, but we owe to Hemacandra a deep debt of gratitude to have preserved for us a tremendously exhaustive list of such words and their senses³ Chatterji says that the Desinamamala of Hemacandra has scores of 'Tadbhava dest' words. Upadhye says that Hemacandra has not abided by his definition of Desi words". Ramanujaswami also criticises Hemacandra saying that he consciously or unconsciously violates the principles laid down by himself. 鈫� F 8 to Muralydhar Banerjee in his Introduction to Desinamamala tries defend 'Hemacandra against the strictures saying that by and large, Hemacandra follows his definition of Desi and that sometimes he departs from that definition out of regard to the practice of his predecessors, and whenever he does this he gives his reason for the departure." This defence has been accepted by Rasiklal Parikh in his Introduction to Hemacandra's Kavyanusasana volume II (p. 297) and M C. Modi in his Hemasamiksa (pp. 144-146). But Manilal Patel does not find it acceptable. According to Patel Hemacandra tried to introduce -some order in the conflicting definitions of Desi prevalent before him and; he excluded tatsama-and -tadbhava from his Dest collection only in theory. But Patel also feels that there must be some reason behind Hemacandra's transgression.* 嘟� Accordingly, it becomes necessary for us to consider the controversial issue afresh In a way, it is hardly useful to accuse or justify Hemacandra for his compilation. We must be thankful to him for whatever invaluable Middle Indo-Aryan linguistic material he has preserved for us in quite an authentic and scientific manner.

1 See Grammatik der Prakrit-Sprachen 搂 36 2 3 Introduction to Comparative Philology, p 221, Bh (G OS), Introduction, pp 65-66, *** Observations on Hemacandra's Desinamamala, "Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona, 8, pp 63-71, Trivikrama's Pk Grammar, Vaidya, P L, Intro, p xxxvu 4. Chatterji, 'Origin and Development of Bengali Language', p 19: "Kanarese words in Desi Lexicons," ABORIpp 274-284. Desinamamala of Hem Ramanujaswami, P V, Poona, 1938, Introduction-p.-5 Desinamamala, Banerjee, M, Introduction, pp. 35-36 5 6 7 8 Sri Haimasarasvatasatia, pp 319-328