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ISLANDS 686 Ambara: One of the famous findspots of diamonds (Vajja) [Vasudevahindi by Dharmadasa, II.130a]. Kimiampi : *The island of Kimjampi birds'. A fictitious island where birds, uttering words 'Kimjampi, Kimjampi' were supposed to live [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 296]. Javana: Carudatta, a trader from the city of Campa, on his voyage, is described to have anchored his ship at all the ports in the South-East (dahina-puvva) region and to have gone further to Kamalapura and Javanadiva [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa,146]. Motichandra rightly states that 'Javanadiva' in the text of the Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa is a wrong reading for 'Javadiva', a word which is used for the island of Java [Sarthavaha, P. 131]. Rayanadiva : 'Island of jewels'. This island was famous for precious stones. In the story of Carudatta in the Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, a very long route to reach this island, visited by traders for precious stones, has been described. The traders started their journey along the banks of the river Simdhu, crossed the countries of Huna, Khasa and Cina, went beyond the mountainous regions Samkupaha and Ayapaha and reached a precipice. Here they killed the goats on which they had travelled, prepared bags of the goat-skin and entered them. These bags were lifted up by giant birds, named Bharumdas who took the bags to be pieces of flesh and took them to their residence in the Rayanadiva. The traders, after

687 reaching the island, got out of the bags, collected gems and returned to India through Suvannabhumi [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 148-49]. Lamka: Ramayana in the (Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa gives the story of Ramana wherein it is told that because of his differences with his elder brother he left Mt. Veyaddha, which was the ancestral abode of the Vidyadharas, and established himself in the island of Lamka [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 240]. In the Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa in the story of two traders, it has been related that they made a joint venture in bringing precious stones from Lamka. The traders undertook a voyage from Kamcanapura, their place of residence, to Lamka for this purpose [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 111]. The island of Lamka is generally identified with Ceylon [Jain, op. cit., p.306]. Simhala : Princess of Simhala was forcibly kidnapped by Kanha Vasudeva [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 79]. Carudatta, the trader of Campa, after his voyage of the South-East countries went to the West to visit Babbara and Javana countries via Simhala [Vasudevahindi by Sanghadasa, 146]. The VH(M) [II.151a] describes Simhala to be famous for pearls. It is the same as Ceylon. Suvannadiva: 'The gold-island'. It was situated in the Western Sea near the coast of the country of Kiraya in South India. It was so called because of a well, at the bottom of which gold was available in liquid form. King

688 Mahasiha of Manivaddhana, the capital of the country of Kiraya, had control over it [Vasudevahindi by Dharmadasa, II.75b]. Not identified. Hamsadiva: 'The island of the goose'. It was an island formed in the bed of the river (amtaradiva) Gamga. It was situated to the North-East of the city of Varanasi, at a distance of eight yojanas [Vasudevahindi by Dharmadasa, II.200b]. Amga: