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242
The Structural Temples of Gujarat
frequently in the sense of special building, 20 the references
as to the existence of Puras and their fortification, the pillared
halls and mansions, the several names like Sthuna, Stambha;
Skambha, Viskambha of the free standing pillars and supports 21
and the Yupa, the sacrificial post and M峁沶mayam G峁沨am, the
burial mounds 22 and the detailed references as to various
articles of furniture, 23 all these record the advanced knowledge
of architecture achieved during the Rgvedic period. 24
(b) Yajurveda Samhita's etc. (c. 3000 B. C.-1000 A. D.) 25
The Krsna Yajurveda contains numerous hymns relating to
Yupa, 26 the prototype of the Indian pillar. The Sukla Yajurveda's
description of the 鈥樑歮a艣膩na' (funeral mound) gives an idea of
the prototype of the Indian st奴pas so popular in later art.27
The Sala Sukta (hymn) of Atharvaveda immensly describes the
residential houses. It also contains many architectural terms like
Vansa for beam and Sth奴峁嘺 (Sth膩峁噓) for post. This veda further
refers to houses of varying shapes and sides, some being two-
sided, eight-sided and four-sided.
(c) The Brahma峁嘺s
叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺蝉
(c. 4000 B. C.-1000 B. C ) 28 have
elaborately discussed the various religious structures the Yupa,
the Vedi and the Sma艣膩na. The word 'Silpa' and its traditional
20. 峁歡. v. 32.5; vii 55, 6; 56. 16; 76, 2; IX 71, 4; 78.3.
21. Rg. 59. 1; II 31, 12 IV 5. 1.
22. Rg. VII. 89.
23 Rg. VII 55.8.
24. For details vide Dr. P. K. Archarya: 'History of Architecture in
India and Abroad' ch. II pp 54-62 and Dr. Bhatacharya. A study of
V盲stuvidya or canons of Indian Architecture' (1947) ch. 11 pp 11-23.
25. Chro. Kane.
26. K. Yaju. I, 3; VI, 3.
27. S. Yaju. ch. 35.
28 Chro. Kane.