Essay name: Temples of Purushottama Kshetra Puri
Author:
Ratnakar Mohapatra
Affiliation: Sambalpur University / Department of History
This essay studies the Temples of Purushottama Kshetra (Puri) which is renowned for its historic and religious significance, situated in Orissa (Odisha) by the Bay of Bengal. Purusottama-ksetra is famous for the Lord Jagannatha temple and numerous smaller temples, it showcases the distinctive Kalinga architectural style.
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External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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decorated with sculptures but not the garbhagá¹›ha. Some of the temples of the ká¹£etra are also elegantly decorated with the most prolific sculptures. They are such as Lord JagannÄtha temple, Laká¹£mi temple, Guná¸icÄ temple, Narasimha temple, MÄrkaṇá¸eÅ›vara temple etc. These temples are exquisitely decorated with both the cult images and the non-iconic figures. So both types of sculptures are depicted in the different parts of the temples of ká¹£etra. The cult images include Jaina, Buddhist, Vaiṣṇavite, Åšaivite, ÅšÄkta, Surya, navagraha, dikpÄḷas, mythological scenes etc. The non-iconic sculptures on temples can be divided into several groups such as female figures, animal figures, various types of vidaḷas, erotic scenes, scroll works, jÄli works, architectural designs, kirtimukha motifs etc. The sculptures of temples not only show the achievements of Orissan art but also give us fair insight into their characteristic features. The temple of Lord Jagannatha is the best specimen of the depiction of both types of sculptures, which are mentioned above. The most significant sculptures engraved on the northern side of the bhogamaṇá¸apa is that of Sivalinga with DurgÄ and Madhava (Jagannatha). Here Lord Jagannatha is shown alongwith Åšiva and DurgÄ. It indicates a definite syncretic tendency. In the same panel, the king is shown accompanied by his female attendants. A peculiar feature in this panel is the presence of a bearded male figure may represent the Savara chief Vasvavasu. There is another peculiar thing found in the temple of Lord Jagannatha. Aá¹£á¹a-dikpÄḷas and their female counterparts are generally housed in the lower and upper jÄngha of the baá¸a of latter temples. But in the main deuḷa of the Jagannatha temple, the khÄkharÄ mundi niches of the lower jangha of the bÄá¸a contain aá¹£á¹a -dikpÄḷas whereas the upper jÄngha pidhÄ mundi niches contain the dasavatÄra figures of Lord Viṣṇu instead of female counterparts of the aá¹£á¹a dikpÄḷas. The consorts of the dikpÄḷas, which are generally seen in the upper jÄngha of the bÄá¸a of latter temples, are not noticed on the bÄá¸a of JagannÄtha temple. Some mythological scenes are also finely depicted in the Jagannatha temple of the ká¹£etra. The entire life story of Lord Kṛṣṇa from his childhood to the prime of his youth has been depicted on the bhogamaṇá¸apa of the JagannÄtha temple. Some RÄmÄyaṇa scenes such as the abhiá¹£eka scene of RÄma and SitÄ, RÄma's installation on the throne are also engraved on the bÄá¸a wall of the bhogamandapa of the Jagannatha temple. 331
