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Essay name: Temples of Purushottama Kshetra Puri

Author: Ratnakar Mohapatra
Affiliation: Sambalpur University / Department of History

This essay studies the Temples of Purushottama Kshetra (Puri) which is renowned for its historic and religious significance, situated in Orissa (Odisha) by the Bay of Bengal. Purusottama-ksetra is famous for the Lord Jagannatha temple and numerous smaller temples, it showcases the distinctive Kalinga architectural style.

Chapter 1 - Introduction

Page:

7 (of 24)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Copyright (license):

Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)


Warning! Page nr. 7 has not been proofread.

Navakaḷevara), Päika (soldier), Sunāri (goldsmith), Kācarā (bangler), Guḍiā (sweet man), Teli (oil man), chitrakara (painter), Bāurī, Bhaṇḍārī (barber), Gauḍa (milk man), Māḷ� (florist), Liari, Paṇdāri, Kumbhāra (soil pot maker), Pāṭarā (maker of Silk cloth), Keuṭa (fisherman), Kańsāṛi (brazier), Roul, Dhobā (washer -man), Baḍhei (carpenter), Haḷuā (cultivator), Sāhukār (shop keeper), Māṭiā (labour), Hāṭuā (salesman), Goḷa (preserver), Bindhāṇ� (blacksmith), Khaṇḍāyata (soldier), Nayak (astrologer), Bhoi (lower caste) and Dorā. It was customary to worship the family deity at home, village deity at the village and the state deity (Rāstra Devatā) in the highest place of the state. Lord Purusottama (Jagannatha) of kṣetra is considered by pilgrims as Rästra Devatā (state deity). Every citizen of the kṣetra considers it to be an opportunity to involve in the rituals of the state deity as per their traditional occupations. People of the kṣetra not only worship the Lord Jagannātha but they also worship all types of Hindu gods and goddesses. Hence a large number of temples are erected in the different parts of the kṣetra dedicated to those divinities. In the post Gupta period, Śaivism became the strongest Hindu sectarian religion in Orissa as well as in the kṣetra of Lord Purusottama. It was the dominant religion in central Orissa from the 6th century AD onwards and reached the peak of its glory during the Somavaṃsi period in the 10th and 11th century AD. During this period, most of the ancient Śaiva temples of the kṣetra were constructed by the Somavaṃsi rulers of Orissa. Saktism was closely related to Śaivism, although its traces may reach back to an even more distant past. The female deities were worshipped by the lower strata of society. The Saktas gained their greatest influence and were most generously supported by the rulers of Orissa extending during the period from the 8th to the 16th century AD. Vaiṣṇavism entered into the Śrīkṣetra region as a predominant religious faith later than that of Sakta cult and it over shrouded all the Brahminical sects. The Ganga kings fully turned towards Vaiṣṇavism in the early part of the 12th century AD and it remained as the religion of the majority of people of Orissa. Vaiṣṇavism advanced towards Orissa from the South and the West. Scholars mostly contend that the Orissan Vaiṣṇavism is an offshoot of Buddhist philosophical doctrines and religious practices characterized by Tantric form of worship. 24 Like Saiva, Śākta and Vaiṣṇava deities, other deities are also being worshipped in the kṣetra. 6

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