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啶�啷佮ぐ啶距ぃ啶�啷� - [pur膩峁嘺m - ] 笔鲍搁膧狈础
[Vol. VI., No. 2
saky膩rthasambhave laksa峁嚹乬rahasya
艣腻蝉迟谤盲苍补产丑颈尘补迟补迟惫腻迟).
2. W hen saky膩rtha of the word 'asmat' (without a
vise峁�a峁嘺) is possible in singular, the plural form will
be simply considered as an 'aupac膩rika' use.
On the other hand when the plural includes the author and
the disciples, there is no difficulty because saky膩rtha is clearly
possible in plural.' Gop膩la Bhatta Gosv膩m墨, however, interprets
the subject of 'dh墨mahi' as all the beings (samastaj墨v膩bhipr膩ye峁嘺
bahutvam)."
In the Ved膩nta philosophy the definition (lak峁�a峁嘺) has been
explained as (a) The Svar奴pa lak峁�a峁嘺 (which points out the
essential characteristics), (b) The Ta峁璦stha lak峁�a峁嘺 (which points
out collateral characteristics).
The Svarupa lak峁�a峁嘺 is that which has all the special
characteristics of the object to be defined and at the same time
which distinguishes other objects. Or, the svarupa lak峁�a峁嘺 is
that which is present in the form of the object to be defined and
which defines the object by itaravy膩v峁泃ti i.e. excluding other
objects. For instance the cow is defined as having 's膩sn膩' and
艢峁沶ga'. The s膩sn膩 being present in the form of the cow, excludes
the buffaloes.
In Ta峁璦stha lak峁�a峁嘺 the characteristics do not, as a matter
of fact, pertain to the defined but at the same time exclude other
objects simply with the help of an epithet." Or, the object, with-
1. 艢r墨madbb膩gavatam, I, I, I, Dipani, ed. Brahmacari Nityasvarupa,
Vrindavana, samvat 1964, p. 3-4.
2. Srimadbh盲gvatam III., Bh膩gavatavy膩khy膩lesa, Mah膩mahopadhy膩ya
Gopalabhatta Goswami.
3. Svasampattisamarpakatve sati itaravy膩vartakatva峁� svar奴pam.
Srimadbh膩gavatam, 1, 1, 1, Dipani, ed. Brahmac膩ri Nityasvarupa,
P. 4.
4. Svasvar奴p膩ntargata峁� sat itaravy膩v峁泃tataya lak峁�yam bodhayati tat
svarupam. ibid p. 4
5. Svar奴p膩pravi峁ａ弓attve sati vi艣e峁�a峁嚹乶tara峁� sans奴cya itaravy盲vartaka-
ttvam ta峁璦stham. ibid. p., 4,