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THE DATE OF THE PURANAS
BY
SIVA DATT GYANI
[ 啶�啷佮ぐ啶距ぃ啶距え啶距�� 啶班�氞え啶� 啶曕じ啷嵿ぎ啶苦え啷嵿�曕ぞ啶侧�囙そ啶�啷傕う啶苦い啷�啶�啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶多�嵿え啶�啶掂げ啶�啷嵿が啷嵿く 啶掂た啶︵�佮し啶距�� 啶椸さ啷囙し啶｀��
啶︵��啶班�嵿�樴�曕ぞ啶侧ぞ啶む�嵿お啷嵿ぐ啶掂�冟い啷嵿い啶�啶�啶� 啶ㄠ�堗�曕ぎ啶む�嵿く啶距�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶曕げ啷嵿お啶む��, 啶�啶むじ啷嵿い啷囙し啶距�� 啶掂た啶掂�囙�氞え啶膏�嵿�� 啶� 啶曕�嬥そ啶�啶� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶苦��
啶嗋ぇ啶距ぐ啷� 啶︵�冟ざ啷嵿く啶む��, 啶侧�囙�栢�囙そ啶膏�嵿ぎ啶苦え啷� 啶呧く啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶膏�嵿い啶距さ 啶夃お啶ㄠ�嵿く啶膏�嵿い啷� 啶�啶︵�� 啶忇�曕�堗�曕ざ啶� 啶�啷佮ぐ啶距ぃ啶距え啷嵿��-
啶ㄠ�佮お啶椸�冟す啷嵿く 啶む�囙し啷� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶むた啶�啶距う啶苦い啶距え啶距�� 啶掂た啶粪く啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶む�佮げ啶ㄠぞ啶む�嵿ぎ啶曕さ啶苦ぎ啶班�嵿ざ啷囙�� 啶嗋お啷囙�曕�嵿し啶苦�曕�曕ぞ啶侧�曕�嵿ぐ啶�啶膏�嵿く
啶�啷�啶�啶距�傕じ啶� 啶�啶︵�� 啶曕�嵿ぐ啶苦く啷囙�� 啶むぐ啷嵿す啶� 啶�啶灌�佮ざ啶� 啶�啶侧さ啶む�� 啶�啶掂�囙い啷� ]
[pur膩峁嚹乶膩峁� racan膩 kasmink膩le'bh奴dit墨ma峁� pra艣namavalambya vidu峁Ｄ佱箖 gave峁�a峁嘺峁�
d墨rghak膩l膩tprav峁泃tamapi naikamaty膩ya prakalpate, yataste峁Ｄ佱箖 vivecanasya na ko'pi sthira
膩dh膩ro d峁浥泍ate, lekhe'smin aya峁� prast膩va upanyasto yad ekaika艣a岣� pur膩峁嚹乶ya-
nupag峁沨ya te峁�u pratip膩dit膩n膩峁� vi峁�ay膩峁嚹佱箖 tulan膩tmakavimar艣ena 膩pek峁�ikak膩lakramasya
m墨m膩峁僺膩 yadi kriyeta tarhi bahu艣a岣� phalavat墨 bhavet ]
] The problem of the date of the Pur膩峁嘺s is very intriguing
and controversial. No particular date or period can be assigned
to a particular Pur膩峁嘺, but the problem of the date may best be
solved by evolving a chronological setting for the Puranic litera-
ture in general, special attention being paid to the individual
Pur膩峁嘺s. The Pur膩峁噄c scholars have tackled in their own way
this aspect of the Puranic studies. Scholars from Wilson to
Pargiter as also subsequent writers in the field did not try to study
the evolution of the Puranic literature as a class by itself. They
took into consideration individual Pur膩峁嘺s, and discussed their
chronology in their own way, thus arriving at divergent results.
The earlier scholars stressing on the sectarian and religious
matter in the Pur膩峁嘺s assigned a very late date to them. Cole-
brooke relying on the tradition that Bopadeva, the grammarian,
was the author of the Bh膩gavata Pur膩峁嘺 assigns it to about the
13th century A. D. Vans Vennedy thinks that like the Bh膩gavata
the other Pur膩峁嘺s must be of an equally modern date as the
Pur膩峁嘺s are always held to be eighteen and in most of the Pur膩峁嘺s
the names of the eighteen including the Bh膩gavata are enumerated.
Wilson 2 realised the difficulty of solving the problem of the
1. Asiatic Researches, Vol. VIII, p. 467; Miscellaneous Essays, Vol. I,
p. 104.
1. Researches into the Nature and Affinity af ancient and Hindu My-
thology, ch. IV, pp. 19-22;
2. Vishnupurana Vol. I, Preface, p. XVI;