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The language of the Upani峁�ads is closely related to that of the Vedas. So it is not only ancient but also full of Vedic sentences and symbols. Most of the Upani峁�ads are in verse in the standard Vedic meter. Some like the M膩峁囜笉ukyas, Ta墨ttriyas and A墨tareyas are graduates. Some have a combination of both. One of the remarkable features of the Upanisadic literature is the use of beautiful metaphors and metaphors. The comparison of two birds (j墨v膩tman and Param膩tman) in the same tree (human body) is found in many Upanisads: Katha, Svet膩艣vatara and Mu峁囜笉aka. Mundaka gives the comparison of bow and arrow to describe meditation on 膩tman. Ka峁環a compares the world to a tree turned to a human body and a city with eleven gates. 莫艣膩v膩sya compares the orb of the sun to a golden disc that hides the Lord's face. Katha compares the body to the chariot, the mind to the horse, the mind to the back, the intellect to the charioteer, and the 膩tman to the owner of the chariot. Mundaka compares the transformation of the world by Brahman to a spider weaving a web and hair growing on a body or grass emerging from the earth. He compares Vedic sacrifices to flowing water since they cannot give liberation. The rivers flowing into the ocean and becoming one is another smile given to show the union of 膧tman and Brahma峁�. The B峁沨ad膩ra峁噛aka is filled with many examples: the Vedas came out of Brahman even as the smoke from a burning tree glows. Just as the spokes of a wheel are fixed, so all things find their support in the Param膩tman. J墨v膩tman moves from waking state to dream like a big fish swimming in water from one bank to another. As it dies, the J墨va takes hold of the next soft body, just as the bamboo takes hold of the leaves of the next neighboring tree, before letting go of the old support. A liberated soul cleans its body like a snake cleans its mouth. The merciful state of the common man leaving his body is compared to traveling in a heavy and weak ship. 6