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Kalki is the tenth incarnation of Lord Visnu on the earth to destroy unrighteounsess and to uphold virtue and righteousness and vanquish the evil doers during the Kali age, when it is usual for vice and wickedness to flourish. The Bhagavata Purana gives a clue that towards the end of the Kali age when the kings mostly turn into robbers, the Lord of the universe take descent from a Brahmana named Visnuyasha as Lord Kalki. The Agni Purana also informs in a similar manner that Kalki as the son of Visnuyasa's, Yanjavalkya as the priest would destroy the non Aryans, holding the astras and having a weapon. He would establish moral law in four fold Varnas in the suitable manner. The people would be in the path of righteousness in all the stages of life. Hari after discarding the form of Kalki, would go to heaven. Then would come the Krtayuga as before. However, it is the only incarnation yet to take place in future at the end of Kali age. Kalkin himself has the form of an invader, he comes riding on a white horse, like the scythian and parthian invaders of India. But his purpose is to destroy the invadery, to rare the wicked cities of the plain which have been polluted by foreign kings, these same horseman as well as to exterminate all heretics, including the Buddhists that he had himself just produced in his penultimate incarnation.

370 The Visnu Purana in its sixth book explains in detail the influence of Kali on the earth (VI.1.1-58, 2.1-41) So also the Narasmiha Purana on the similar lines gives an account of the customs and the manners of the people in the Kali age. When Lord Visnu would desert this world and would go to his highest abode, all righteousness, would appear; then would appear the most terrible Kali age conducive to all sinful activities. At the advent of this terrible Kali age all the four castes irrespective of for Brahmins, Ksatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras averse to righteousnes would have the least regard Brahmins and the divinities. Puffed up with self corceit the people morally degraded by pride and vanity would be jealous of one another and would resort to a hypocritical way of life. The people would make a show of their learning and would preach the false doctrines as the truth "I am the omnipatent", thus every one would be beating once own drum. People adicted to all sorts of sinful activities would take pleasure in vilifying others and in consequence in this Kali age they would not live to enjoy the full span of life. Naturally during the short span of their life they would not be able to acquire the knowledge and wisdom, and in absence of right knowlege unrighteousness would prevail again. There will be intermixing among different castes like Brahmins etc. These born from mixture of costs are prone to passion and langer; vain and conceited they are deluded and undergo all sorts of sufferings.

371 Gripped by enmity they will be intend upon killing one another, all the different castes averse to righteousness and without the least reyard for truth and penance will conduct themselves like sudras, persons of high status will go down in the society and persons of low status will go up. king overtkaen by greed will engage themselves in acquiring material prosperity; under the garb of righteousness they will induclee in all sorts of unrighteous deeds. In the Kali age, with unholy and unrighteous deeds predominating, anybody in the passession of horses, chariots and elephants will ruled over the people. Parents will be at the command of their sons, likewise mother-in-law will be at the back and call of their daughter-in-law, married women will desert their husbands and children and will clope with others. Male persons. will be few in number. People will consider wealth to be the summum bonum of life, in some regions parjanya will pour down heavy rains and other regions will go dry. Roads, high ways will be infested with the thieves; and each one will parade his aminiscience. There would be no one who would not proclaim himself to be a poet; drunkards would be giving discourses on Brahman and Brahmana Ksatriya and Vaisyas would be serving the Sudras. With the advent of the Kali age, sense will look down upon their parents, desciples will dishonour their preceptors and wives will disregard their husbands. Overtaken by greed and avarice people will resort to sinful conduct; Brahmins will make a doily

372 habit of living upon others. Attached to other wives people will seek to garb others belongings, with the advent of the terrible Kali age. Out of jealousy and everyone will laugh at the persons sticking to piety and righteousness, Brahmins will dispise the vedas and will not care to abserve any of the Vratas. Just to make a show of their eruditioin and apulence, Brahmins will resort to the performances of Pirtrayajna and other daily sacrifices. No deserving person would ever be rewarded with a gift, if people would care for the cattle, that is only due to their self interest of getting milk and production. For extracting riches attendants of king would not hesitate to put the Brahmins in chains and the Brahmins would gladly sell away the fruit of their gifts. And even from the candals they would not hesitate to accept the gifts. At the end of the Kali age nobody would even remember the name of Hari and the Brahmins will lead a vicious life they will cohabitate with Sudra women. Having taken up the manners and customs of a forest hermit, the despicable Sudras would never conform to their duties. And would not care to serve the three hgiher castes.1 With the advent of the Kali age Brahmins would take to the path of Sudras, averse to the study of the Vedas they would take delight in dance, music. They would falsely assume the characteristics of a devout and righteous person.2 Each one would grorify himself and vilify the other. And people would have little faith either in gods or Brahmins

373 of the Vedas. People will revile the Vedas and the Brhmins ungreatful people will swerve from the duties of their own castes and will take to duties not in keeping with their particualr castes. In the Kali age beginning and back biting will be a regular habit with the people. Always used to slander others, they will be vainly proclaiming their own glory and diginity. Always planning to steand the property of others people used to take food from others. Brahmins would adore the different divinities and engaged in vilifying others, they would sshare their food with people of other castes. When people would resort to this ilcentious way of life, there will be no difference between a prcepto and descipte, a fther and son, between husband and wife. Brahmins will conduct themselves as Sudras and languish in hell. Mostly suffering from drought people will always be looking at the sky with anxiety. Always suffering from hunger and starvation people will lead a wretched life. Women would care little for the advice of their husbands or elders howsoever beneficial they may be with the Brahmins desisting from performing any sacrifice or offering any oblution, the wise and experince would naturally be aware of the intensity of the Kali age. When the piety and righteousness would go to the four winds, the universe would be bereft of beauty and splendour. These are the characteristics of Kali age, but the brahmins devoted to Lord Hari are never affected by it. In the krtayuga penance is the most efficacious; meditation

374 in Treta, sacrifice in Dvapara and in kaliyuga it is the practise of making gifts that counts. In the Kali age, thus, the righteousness will be at the lowest web and unrighteousness will predominate, disease and pestilence will spread among the people, then the gods would go to the milk ocean and suplicate Lord Visnu with hymns of praise propitatied by prayer and invocations in the densly populated village of Sambhala. The Lord would take his birth as the king Kalkin, the son of Visnuyasas seated upon a horse, with a sword in his hand he would exterminate the Mlecchas. Then after having exterminated all the mlecchas, the cause of destruction and depredation of the earth, Kalkin, the partial manifestation of the Supreme Lord would perform the sacrifice Bahukancana, after establishing righteousness. He would ascend to heaven. With regard to this incarnation of Kalkin the following passage is noteworthy. "The Kalki will be in a brahmana body, and his main work will be the bringing back of the Satyayuga, and the estblishment of one caste, the Brahmana. For by the time he comes, all caste distinctions will have become wholly confused, and it will be his great work to merge them all into one class, to unify the Vedas, to purify Dharma and reestablish righteousness. This process of caste

375 confusion has been going on for ages, When Yudhisthira was questioned about it by Nahusha, his answer was clear and unequivocal. It was character that made caste and not birth, for men and women all castes indiscrimately consorted with each other and so the resulting births were very mixed indeed. If such was the state of affairs thousand years ago, it is for more so today. Every day the lower castes becomng higher and higher and even out castes being gradually merged into the Hindu fold, through the agency of the great converting schisms or branches, of Hinduism. Just as read growth is always from within, and is not something superimposed from without, so real disruption also is from inside, other causes being mere accessories; the disintegrating process proceeds from the organism itself. So the real redemption of the Brhamana and with him of the Hindu, can come only through a Brhamana, and so Kalki will be Brahmana. The reading between the lines of all these ten incarnations of Lord Visnu concludes that through his different incarnations Lord Visnu has shown that He is the main cause for preservation, substence and annihilation of the unvierse, which he creates; and he does this work for the betterment of the unverse through the process of the two contending forces of evalution pulling against each other. Therefore one should learn to recognise that the incarnations are God incarnate only in the philosophic sense of

376 everything being in Him and from Him and Himself vritually. Each and every incarnation of Lord Visnu as described before is unique in itself. Different forms of Lord Visnu as fish, Tortoise, Man-lion, Boar etc. at the first instance may appear for a general reader as insignificant. But in assuming different forms in the respective incarnations, Lord Visnu has pinpointed purpose to serve.