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The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa

by Dhrubajit Sarma | 2015 | 94,519 words

This page relates “Chandas (1): Vritta type of metre (aksharachandas)� as it appears in the case study regarding the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa. The Shrikanthacarita was composed by Mankhaka, sometimes during A.D. 1136-1142. The Mankhakosa or the Anekarthakosa is a kosa text of homonymous words, composed by the same author.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Part 4a - Chandas (1): Vṛtta type of metre (akṣarachandas)

1. Vasantatilaka

The metre, Vasantatilaka[1] contains fourteen syllables in each quarter and the ṇa therein are ta, bha, ja, ja, ga and ga respectively. Illustrations of these metre are found to be greatest in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ viz. I. 50, 53; II. 28-40; III. 75; IV. 54, 55, 58, 61; V. 1-47; VII. 47-60; VIII. 53, 54; IX. 46-48, 52; X. 41, 42, 45, 52, 57;XI. 33-51[2] ; XIII. 42, 43, 46; XIV. 53-56, 59, 61, 65; XV.1-40; XVI. 7, 11, 17, 30-32, 49, 55; XVII. 58, 63; XVIII. 1-54; XIX. 46-48, 50; XX. 62; XXI. 44, 52; XXII. 48-52; XXIII. 37, 38, 41, 46; XXV. 43, 135-138, 149, 150.

2. Anuṣṭubh

This metre, otherwise known as Śǰ첹[3] possesses eight syllables in each of the quarters. The fifth syllable in each quarter should be laghu, the sixth guru and the seventh alternately laghu and guru. In the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, this metre has been employed in–IV. 1-45;IX. 1-44; XXV.1-36[4], 48-59, 62104, 106-119, 124, 127, 129-134.

3. Upajāti

The metre Upājati,[5] consists of eleven syllables in each foot and the ṇa therein are ja, ta, ja, ga, ga, ta, ta, ja, ga, ga. This metre is found to be employed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ in I. 1-9, 11-14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23-25, 27, 29, 31-39, 41-44; II. 1, 3-12[6], 15-26; IV. 53; VI. 1, 3-10,12-16, 18-26, 28-34, 37-43, 47-55; VIII. 51; XI. 63, 65-73; XII. 36, 38-40, 43-54, 88, 90-92, XX. 19, 11-41, 43-48, 50-52, 55; XXV. 128.

4. Śūīḍiٲ

The metre, Śūīḍiٲ[7] contains nineteen syllables in each foot and the ṇa are ma, sa, ja, ta, ta and ga. Illustrations of this metre, in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are noticed in–I. 45, 47-49, 52, 54-56, II. 41-44, 46, 47, 49, 52, 53[8], 56-58; III. 70, 73, 77; IV. 50, 51, 56, 57, 59, 62; V. 48, 50, 52, 55; VI. 62, 65, 66, 68, 72; VII. 62, 65; VIII.55, 56; IX. 49, 56, X. 44, 46, 48, 49, 54-56, 59; XI. 74; XII. 94, 95;XIII. 44, 47-50, 52; XIV. 57, 58, 66; XV. 42, 44, 47, 48; XVI. 1-3, 5, 12-14, 19-21, 23-25, 33-37, 41, 43, 45, 47, 50-54, 56; XVII. 62, 64, 65; XVIII. 55, 56, 58; XIX. 49, 51, 52, 55, 56, 60, 63-65;XX. 58-61, 63, 64; XXI. 42, 46, 50, 51; XXII.53-55; XXIII. 42, 45, 50, 51; XXIV.42, 43; XXV. 37, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 61, 105, 120, 121, 123, 125, 126, 139-148, 151.

5. ղṃśaٳ󲹱

The metre ղṃśaٳ󲹱[9] contains twelve syllables in each foot and the ṇa are ja, ta, ja and ra. Illustrations of this metre are observed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are-II. 27; III. 1-69[10] ; IV. 46; XII. 25-35; XXI. 1-41.

6. 鲹ٳǻ󲹳

The metre 鲹ٳǻ󲹳[11], which consists of eleven syllables in each foot with the ṇa ra, na, ra, la and ga, is found to be employed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are as follows-X. 1-40; XXII. 1-46.[12]

7. ѲԻԳ

The metre ѲԻԳ [13] , containing seventeen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ma, bha, na, ta and ta. In the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, this metre has been employed in-I. 46; II. 55; III. 71, 72; V. 51, 54; VI. 61;VII. 63; X. 43; XII. 96; XIII. 51; XIV. 60, 63;XV.45, 49; XVI. 4, 8, 9, 15, 28[14], 38, 40, 44, 46; XIX. 53, 54; XX. 56, 57; XXI. 43, 45, 48; XXIV. 1-39.

8. ʳṣp岵 (󲹲ṛtٲ)

The metre, ʳṣp岵[15] contains the ṇa na, na, ra and ya in the first and third quarter and na, ja, ja, ra in the second and fourth quarter. In the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, this metre has been employed in-IV. 49; VII. 1-45[16];X. 47; XI. 13-24;XIV. 62; XIX. 45, 61; XXI. 47; XXII. 47.

9. Praharṣiṇ�

The metre, Praharṣiṇ� [17] containing thirteen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ma, na, ja and ra. This metre has been employed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are as follows-VI. 59; IX. 53; XVII. 1- 57.[18]

10. Ѳñܲṣiṇ�

The metre, Ѳñܲṣiṇ� [19] containing thirteen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are sa, ja, sa and ja. This metre has been employed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are as follows-III. 76[20], 78; IV. 60;VI. 71; IX. 54; XIV. 1-52.

11. 󲹰

The metre, 󲹰[21] comprises twenty one syllables in every quarter and the ṇa therein are ma, ra, bha, na, ya, ya and ya. The verses found composed in this metre in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are-I. 51[22] ;IV. 52, 64; V. 56, 57;VI. 73; VII. 66; X. 50, 60; XI. 75; XII. 56-73, 97; XIV. 67, 68; XV. 46, 50; XVI. 58, 59; XVII. 66, 67; XVIII. 57, 59, 61; XIX. 58, 59, 66; XX. 65; XXI. 53; XXII. 56-58; XXIII. 48, 52, 53, 55, 56; XXIV. 40, 44.

12. 岵 (Viṣamavṛtta)

The metre, [23] contains the ṇa sa, ja, sa in the first quarter and na, sa, ja in the second; bha, na, bha in the third and sa, ja, sa, ja in the fourth. The verses found composed in this metre are-IX. 1-45.[24]

13. ʰṣa

The metre, ʰṣa[25] contains twelve syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are sa, ja, sa and sa. This metre has been employed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, in the verses as follows-XIII. 1-41.[26]

14. Aparavaktra (󲹲ṛtٲ)

The metre, Aparavaktra[27] contains the ṇa na, na and ra in the first and third quarter and na, ja, ja, ra in the second and fourth quarter. In the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, this metre has been employed in-XXIII. 1-36.[28]

15. 岵

The metre, [29] contains eleven syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ra, na, bha. The verses found composed in this metre, in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are-XI. 1-12, 52-62; XII. 1-12; XXIII. 43.[30]

16. Ի

The metre, Ի[31] contains eleven syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ta, ta and ja.The verses found composed in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ, in this metre are -I. 10, 15, 18, 20, 22, 26, 28, 30, 40; II. 2, 13[32], 14; VI. 11, 17, 27, 36, 44, 56, 57; VIII. 52, XI. 64; XII. 37, 41, 42, 55, 87, 89, 93; XX. 10, 42, 49, 53, 54.

17. ī

The metre, ī[33] contains fifteen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are na, na, ma, ya and ya. The verses found composed in this metre, in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are III. 74[36] ;IV. 48; V. 49; VI. 58, 60, 69, 74; VII. 46, 61; X. 61; XIII. 45; XIV. 64; XVI. 18, 22; XVII. 59, 60; XIX. 62; XXIII. 39, 40, 44, 47.

18. Ś󲹰ṇ�

The metre, Ś󲹰ṇ�[34] contains seventeen syllables in each and every quarter and it consists of the ṇa ya, ma, na, sa, and bha respectively. This metre has been employed in the following verses of the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ -II. 45, 51, 54; IV. 63; V. 53; IX. 50, X. 58[35]; XVI. 24, 39, 42, 48, 57;XVII. 61; XXIII. 49, 54; XXV. 60, 122, 152.

19. Ჹṇ�

The metre, Ჹṇ� [37] contains seventeen syllables in each and every quarter and it possesses the ṇa viz. na, sa, ma, ra, and sa. Illustrations of this metre are found in the Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ are-II. 48, 50; VII. 64;IX. 51; X. 51[38], 53; XV. 41, 43; XVI. 6, 10, 16, 29;XXIV. 41.

20. Viyoginī[39] (󲹲ṛtٲ)

Illustrations -IV. 47[40] ;XII. 13-24.

21. ṛtī

This metre, ṛtī[41] with seventeen syllables in each quarter and the ṇa therein are in the order of ja, sa, ja, sa and ya. As for example-Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 67[42] ; XI. 55; XVI. 27; XVIII. 60; XIX. 57;XXI. 49.

22. Ի

If the first syllable of each of the quarters in a verse of the metre Ի is short, then the metre is styled as the Ի.[43] It contains eleven syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ja, ta and ja. Some examples are Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., -VI. 2[44], 35, 46.

23. Ѳⲹṣa

The metre Ѳⲹṣa[45] occurs when the first four syllables are long and after the tenth syllable, four syllables are again long. As for example -Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 63.[46]

24. ѱ𲵳󲹱ūᾱ

The metre, ѱ𲵳󲹱ūᾱ[47] contains nineteen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ya, ma, na, sa, ra and ra. As for example-Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 64.[48]

25. 岹ṭa첹

The metre, 岹ṭa첹[49] contains seventeen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are na, ja, bha, ja and ja. As for example—Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ�., VI. 70.[50]

26. ܳ

The metre, ܳ[51] contains thirteen syllables in each and every quarter and the ṇa are ja, bha, sa and ja. As for example-Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XVI. 26.[52]

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

jñeya� vasantatilaka� tabhajā jagau ga�/
Chandomañjarī., page 73

[2]:

ete karā himakarasya calācalākṣi lākṣājuṣoścaraṇayostava saṃstavena/
janmānavāptacaraphullasahasrapatra-sauhārdasaukhyagaṭanā� ciramāpnuvantu//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XI. 50

[3]:

śloke saṣṭha� guru jñeya� sarvatra laghu pañcama�/
dvicatuṣpādayorhrasva� saptama� dīrghamanyayo�//
Śrutabodha, page 5

[4]:

svaya� maulīndupīyūṣapūrai� sikteva śaṃbhunā/
sarasatva� dārḍhya� ca vāktasyāvyagramagrahīt//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XXV. 3

[5]:

anantarodīritalakṣmabhājau pādau jadīyābupajātayasta�/
ithya� kilānyasvapi miśritāsu vadanti jātisvidameva nāma//
Chandomañjarī., page 38

[6]:

avadyajambālagaveṣaṇāya kṛtodyamānā� khalasairibhāṇāṃ/
kavīndravāṅnirjaranirjhariṇyā� saṅjāyate vyarthamanorathatva�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., II. 10

[7]:

sūryāsvairyadi ma� sajau satatagā� śārdūlavikrīḍita�/
Chandomañjarī., page 115

[8]:

meṇṭhe svardviradādhirohiṇi vaśa� yāte subandhau vidhe� śānte hanta ca bhāravau vighaṭite bāṇe viṣādaspṛśa�/
vāgdevyā viramantu mantuvidhurā drāgdṛṣṭayaśceṣṭate śiṣṭa� kaścana sa prasādayati tā� yadvāṇisadvāṇinī//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., II. 53

[9]:

vadanti vaṃśasthavila� jatau jarau/
Chandomañjarī., page 49

[10]:

kaṭākṣite śāradayā dayāmṛtadravārdradṛṣṭyā śrutiśaṣkulīpada�/
na śāstrabhogānaśanavratakriyāsahiṣṇu bālā api yatra bibhrati// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., III. 19

[11]:

rātparairnaralagai rathoddhatā / Chandomañjarī., page 43

[12]:

nartayannari kareṇa kaścana vraścanāya paripanthinā� babhau/
ātmano yamapathapravṛttaye sajjayannavarathakriyāmiva // Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XXII. 10

[13]:

mandākrāntā’mbudhirasanagairmo bhanau tau gayugma�/
Chandomañjarī., page 98

[14]:

trasyedyasyekṣaṇadaśaśatī vajraniṣpiṣyamāṇa-śliṣyadgarvāsuravaraśikhāratnareṇucchaṭābhya�/
yuddhe siddhānavadhivijayonmeṣa eṣo’nimeṣa-praṣṭhastiṣṭhatyavanataśirā� so’lamugra tvadagre//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XVI. 28

[15]:

ayuji nayagarephato yakāro yuji ca najau jaragāśca puṣpitāgrā/ Chandomañjarī., page 145

[16]:

surabhimanugṛhāṇa devi nṛtyanmadhukaraketakabandhubhi� kaṭākṣai�/
bhavatu śabalamantika� vanānā� viharadanaṅgavilāsakṛṣṇasārai�// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VII. 10

[17]:

tryāśābhirmana jaragāh praharṣiṇīya�/
Chandomañjarī., page 63

[18]:

viśveṣāṃ puri puri yatsadaiva śeṣe vidvadbhi� puruṣa iti pratīyase tat/
ki� dhāmatritayamayānapāyadṛṣṭestasmātte jagati parokṣamasti vastu//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XVII. 18

[19]:

sajasā jagau ca yadi mañjubhāṣiṇ�/
Chandomañjarī., page 67

[20]:

iti sūktimauktikamayī� sutasya sa prakaṭayya karṇabhuvi śekharasraja�/
gaganādhvalaṅghanaśramaspṛś� śaśinā sahaiva catura� tirodadhe// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., III. 76

[21]:

mrabhnairyānā trayeṇa trimuniyatiyutā sragdharā kīrtiteya�/
Chandomañjarī., page 123

[22]:

truṭyatsāṭopajūṭatridaśataṭavatīvāripūrābhirāma� kāmāreścāruvakṣaḥsthalamiha mahate vibhramāyāstu tadva�/
yatra svacchandalīlāviharaṇahariṇ� sarvadaivādrikanyā vinyasyāṅgāni saṅgādatanu vitanute kāni na krīḍitāni// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., I. 51

[23]:

prathame sajau yadi salau ca nasajagurukāṇyanantara�/
yadyatha bhanajalagā� syuratho sajasā jagau ca bhavatīyamudgatā// Chandomañjarī., page 151

[24]:

bhagavānatha svayamupetya samamacalarājakanyayā/
tasya bahalajalakelirasātkamalākarasya pulina� vyamaṇḍayat// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., IX. 45

[25]:

pramitakṣarā sajasasai� kathitā/
Chandomañjarī., page 54

[26]:

laṭabhājanasya paṭuhāralatāviniveśanādhigatakāntidhana�/
pratibimbito’dhitarala� ramaṇo dviguṇa� vyamaṇḍayadaśeṣamura�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XIII. 41

[27]:

ayuji nanaralā guru� same tadaparavaktramida� najau jarau/
Chandomañjarī., page 145

[28]:

samaghaṭata patākinīyuga� tadatha mitha� prathamānayatsarai�/
dyusadasurabhaṭairmadotkaṭai� prakaṭitadurdharasaṃgarakriya�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XXIII. 1

[29]:

svāgatā ranabhagairguruṇ� ca/
Chandomañjarī., page 44

[30]:

aṅgamaṅgamanimagnanirūḍhaprāsadanturitavṛtti dadhāna�/
ko’pi nartanarati� raṇaharṣe doḥśatairiva babandha kabandha�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XXIII. 43

[31]:

syādindravajrā yadi tau jagau ga�/
Chandomañjarī., page 36

[32]:

sadvṛttaviśrāntimatī na jātu kṛcchre’pi pātra� paruṣākṣarāṇāṃ/
satpuṇyabhāja� satatānuvṛttā kasyāpyaho sadgṛhiṇīva vāṇ�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., II. 13

[33]:

nanamayayayuteya� mālinī bhogilokai�/
Chandomañjarī., page 80

[34]:

rasai rudraiścchinnā yamanasabhalā ga� śikhariṇ�/ Chandomaňjarī., page 95

[35]:

karai� śāmyatsūryopaladahanabhasmavyatikarā-divāpāṇḍucchāyairhṛdayamukura� bhaṅguradṛśāṃ/
samutsṛjyāśeṣa� malamatulamānagrahamaya� mṛgāṅkastatkālapratiphalitakaṅdarpamakarot//
      Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., X. 58

[36]:

sutamatha sa tadānī� kalpitapratyabhijña� laharibhiranugṛhṇandūrato’bhīkṣṇamakṣṇā�/
amucadamṛtamittha� karṇagaṇḍūṣalehya� snapanamiva vivṛṇvañjyotsnayā dantapaṅkte�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., III. 74

[37]:

nasamarasalā ga� ṣadvedairhayairhariṇ� matā/
Chandomañjarī., page 99

[38]:

hṛdayanivasatkaṅdarpeṣuprasūnajasaurabha-praṇayimadhutkṛtpaṅktyā chāyāchalādanudhāvitā� ghanahimakarāloke vipāṇḍuramaṇḍanā-ścaturacatura� kāntopānta� yayurvarayoṣita�// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., X. 51

[39]:

viṣame masajā� same guru� /
sabharā lo’atha gururviyoginī // Vṛttaratnākara, page 102

[40]:

śikharādhvani yasya ṣatpadayuticaurā navakekibandhava�/
jvaladoṣadhidīptisaṃpadā� dadhate saṃbhṛtakajjalaśriya�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., IV. 47

[41]:

jasau jasayalā vasugrahayatiśca pṛthvī guru�/
Chandomañjarī., page 96

[42]:

cirādasamapatriṇo bhujamakāṇḍakaṇḍūlatā� nayanmalayavirudhā� parimalasya vaitālika�/
nideśakṛdanehasa� kanakaketakīlakṣmaṇa� sa dakṣiṇasamīraṇo muniśamāpamṛtyurvavau//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 67

[43]:

upendravajrā prathame laghau sā/
Chandomañjarī., page 37

[44]:

kramādavācī� malayādribandhumudīkṣamāṇāṃ pavana� yuvāna�/
upoḍhatāpa� prathayañśarīra� priyo’mbujinyā� śithilīcakāra�//
Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 2

[45]:

catvāraścet prathamamalaghavo yatra syu� kānte bhūyastadanu daśamataścatvāra�/
vedairdigbhiryyatirapi yadi sanjātā tām madhyaksāme nanu niśamaya madhyakṣāmā�//
Vṛttamañjarī., III. 9, page 100

[46]:

pṛṣṭhabhramatsajavaṣaṭpadacakracihna� yatprocchvasatkusumamāvirabhūllatānā�/
mānasya pakṣmaladṛśāṃ sahasaiva peṣṭu� tatspasṭamānmathagharaṭṭavilāsamāsīt// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 63

[47]:

rasartvaśvaiymaunsau raraguruyutau meghavisphūrjitā syāt Chandomañjarī., page 112

[48]:

paṅkti� puṣpalihāmaśeṣavanitāmānāvasānakriyā-garvonnaddhavasantabaddhavitataśmaśruśriya� bibhratī/
ālānāpasaratsmarebhavidhutāya� śṛṅkhalollekhabhū-rvisrabdha� kathamapyaho virahibhirna prekṣitu� cakṣame// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 64

[49]:

yadi bhavato najau bhajajalā guru nardaṭaka�/
Chandomañjarī., page 100

[50]:

madanagaṇanāsthāne lekhyaprapañcamudañcaya-nvicakilabṛhatpatranyastadvirephamaṣīlavai�/
kuṭilalipibhi� ka� kāyastha� na nāma visūtraya-nvyadhita virahiprāṇeṣvāyavyāvadhika� madhu�// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., VI. 70

[51]:

jabhau sajau giti rucirā caturgrahai�/
Chandomañjarī., page 64

[52]:

itastatastaruṇasarojasaurabhaspṛhābhramadbhramarabhara� samīraṇa�/
vahatyasau dadhadiva dhūmadhūmratā� prabodhanādravimaṇijātavedasa�// Śī첹ṇṭ󲹳ٲ., XVI. 26

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