Essay name: Tarkabhasa of Kesava Misra (study)
Author:
Nimisha Sarma
Affiliation: Gauhati University / Department of Sanskrit
This is an English study of the Tarkabhasa of Kesava Misra: a significant work of the syncretic Nyaya-Vaisesika school of Indian philosophy widely used as a beginner's textbook in southern India and has many commentaries. This study includes an extensive overview of the Nyaya and Vaisesika philosophy, epistemology and sources of valid knowledge. It further deals with the contents and commentaries of the Tarkabhasa.
Chapter 2 - A note on Tarkabhasa
4 (of 20)
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(b) The Tarkasaṃgraha of Annaṃbhatta is rightly the most widely read
primer throughout India and has taken the place of all the previous manuals by
its excellence. It is evidenced by the large number of commentaries - over
fifty have been brought to light so far, which it has evoked. It begins with the
enumeration of the seven Vaiseṣika categories, elaborates the four pramāṇas
under buddhi, a quality. It has written in a very simple flowing language
avoiding all dialectics. The author belonged to Andhra parts, studied at
Banaras and was a great polymath having written valuable commentaries in
Vyākaraṇa, Nyāya, Mimāṃsā and Vedānta. He has furnished a valuable
commentary on his own text called Tarkasaṃgrahadipikā and also
commented on the Aloka of Jayadeva. He lived in the early part of the 17th
century.
(c) The Bhāṣāparicceda of Viśvanātha consists of 168 small verses. This book
is divided into four parts, pratyakṣa, anumāna, upamāna and sabda. The first
part deals with the seven categories of Vaisesika. The four pramāḥas are
treated in detail under ätman which is defined as the seat of knowledge etc.
The author himself has furnished a very learned commentary on the verses
called Siddhantamuktāvali which is a popular introduction to the Navya-
Nyaya techniques.
iii) Nyāya Prakaraṇas :- Nyāya Prakaraṇa explains prominently the
sixteen categories of Gautama and briefly mentions the seven categories of
Vaiséṣika under prameya section. For example, we can mention Nyāyasāra
written by Bhāṣarvajña, Tārkikarakṣ� by Varadaraja and Tarkabhāṣ� of
Kesava Misra. The Nyayasara deals with only three pramānas omitting
