Some Important Shiksha Vedangas (study)
by Mala Laha | 2021 | 31,647 words
This page relates 鈥榗oncept of Anusvara鈥� of the study dealing with Shiksha Vedangas鈥攁 crucial component of Vedic literature focusing on phonetics and pronunciation in ancient texts. The researched texts include the Paniniya, Yajnavalkya and Naradi Shiksas, among others. The study also investigates historical phonological transformations between Sanskrit and Pali, exploring the evolution of sounds and pronunciation.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Part 7 - The concept of Anusv膩ra
The 鈥�补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补鈥� is a dependent sound which can manifest itself only on the basis of another sound.
啶膏啶掂ぐ啶え啷� 啶さ啶む啶む啶え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ, 啶呧え啷� 啶呧啶距ぐ啶距え啷佮啶啶ㄠぞ啶洁え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ啶�
svaramanu bhavat墨ty补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补, anu ak膩r膩nugamen膩'nusv膩ra岣�
(笔腻峁噄苍墨测补艣颈办峁Ｄ�, 笔补帽箩颈办腻.Verse,4-5)
啶膏啶掂ぐ啶え啷� 啶さ啶む啶む啶え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ
svaramanu bhavat墨ty补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补
(笔腻峁噄苍墨测补艣颈办峁Ｄ�, 笔谤补办腻艣补. Verse 4-5)
According to the Atharvaveda 笔谤腻迟颈艣腻办丑测补[1], the 补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补 was a pure nasalized vowel.
The 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� recognize a reading according to which three types of 补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补 should be available.鈥�
啶呧え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ啶多啶� 啶曕ぐ啷嵿い啶掂啶ぞ 啶灌啶班じ啷嵿さ啶︵啶班啶樴お啷嵿げ啷佮い啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶啷�
啶呧く啶� 啶班ぞ啶溹ぞ 啶ざ啷嬥ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶距啶膏 啶曕啶粪い啷嵿ぐ啶苦く啶距ぃ啶距 啶оえ啷傕し啶� 啶氞ゥ补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补艣ca kartavy膩 hrasvad墨rghaplut膩straya岣
aya峁� r膩j膩 ya艣orm膩峁僺a峁� k峁triy膩峁嚹佱箖 dhan奴峁 ca||(惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 91)
But the 笔补帽箩颈办腻 as well as the 笔谤补办腻艣补 commentaries on the P膩峁噄n墨ya 艢颈办峁Ｄ� recognize two 鈥�补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补鈥�.&苍产蝉辫;
The 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ� also admits two types of 鈥�补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补鈥� like long 鈥�补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补鈥� and short 鈥�补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补鈥�.
啶掂ぐ啷嵿ぃ啷� 啶む 啶ぞ啶む啶班た啶曕 啶啶班啶掂 啶灌啶え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ啷� 啶︵啶掂た啶ぞ啶む啶班た啶曕啷�
啶︵啶掂た啶ぞ啶む啶班た啶曕 啶ぞ啶む啶班た啶曕 啶膏啶ぞ啶む 啶膏啶啶椸ぞ啶︵啶ざ啷嵿 啶 啶さ啷囙い啷嵿ゥvar峁噀 tu m膩trike p奴rve hyanusv膩ro dvim膩trika岣
dvim膩trike m膩trika岣� sy膩t sa峁儁og膩dya艣ca yo bhavet||(驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�,138)
啶呧え啷佮じ啷嵿さ啶距ぐ啶膏啶啶ぐ啶苦し啷嵿啶距い啷� 啶膏啶啶椸 啶い啷嵿ぐ 啶︵啶多啶い啷囙イ
啶灌啶班じ啷嵿さ啶� 啶む 啶む 啶掂た啶溹ぞ啶ㄠ啶ぞ啶む 啶膏啶膏啶ムぞ啶た啶むた 啶︵ぐ啷嵿ざ啶ㄠぎ啷嵿ゥ补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补syopari峁ａ弓膩t sa峁儁ogo yatra d峁浥泍ate|
hrasva峁� ta峁� tu vij膩n墨y膩t sa峁僺th膩miti dar艣anam||(驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�,140)
According to the 惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨 艣颈办峁Ｄ� the 补苍耻蝉惫腻谤补 has a special term for the pure nasalized vowel that is called 鈥�谤补峁単补鈥� or 鈥�rakta鈥浓赌�
啶ㄠぞ啶膏ぞ啶︵啶む啶う啷嵿く啶む 啶班啷嵿
n膩s膩dutpadyate 谤补峁単补
(惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 113).
It has a deep and sweet sound鈥搒weet like the notes of bells, deep like a tigers roar and should be pronounced without any addition of the consonantal elements, just as the milkmaid in 厂补耻谤腻峁ａ弓补, when selling curd (惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 112).
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
Atharvaveda pr膩ti艣膩khya, 1.26