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Satirical works of Kshemendra (study)

by Arpana Devi | 2017 | 60,954 words

This page relates ‘Virodhabhasa (contradiction)� part of the study on the Satirical works of Kshemendra: an 11th century poet from Kashmir, who composed three satirical works. Kshemendra himself says that in composing the satirical works his only motive is to reform the mindset of the people.—He exposes all the vices and follies prevailing in the society with the intention to reform it.

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When two things are appeared as contradictory to each other, though there is no contradiction between the two in reality, it is a case of the figure վǻ[1]. In the , in the verse, paśyannandho vadan mūka�[2].……�.., it has been mentioned that the ṭṭ (official) can see but is blind, can talk but is dumb, can listen but is deaf. Without a bribe, the wicked ṭṭ remains asleep. The verse may be taken as an example of Virodha or վǻ.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

jātiścaturbhirjātyādyairguṇo guṇādibhistribhi�// dravyābhyā� yad dravya� dravyeṇa vā mitha�/
viruddhameva bhāseta virodho’sau daśākṛti�// 󾱳ٲⲹ岹貹ṇa , X.68

[2]:

paśyannandho vadan mūka� śṛṇvaṃśca badhiro’dhama�/
utkocena ṭṭścira� nidrāyate śṻ�// ,II.140

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