Satirical works of Kshemendra (study)
by Arpana Devi | 2017 | 60,954 words
This page relates 鈥楰shemendra鈥檚 Birth Place鈥� part of the study on the Satirical works of Kshemendra: an 11th century poet from Kashmir, who composed three satirical works. Kshemendra himself says that in composing the satirical works his only motive is to reform the mindset of the people.鈥擧e exposes all the vices and follies prevailing in the society with the intention to reform it.
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3. 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补鈥檚 Birth Place
碍峁尘别苍诲谤补 was born in the land of Kashmir. In some of his works, 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补 is found showing his respect and reverence for his native land. He praised his motherland as a place which is superior even to the abode of Indra. He said that Kashmir is the foremost among the blessed places, wherein were born many wise people.[1] But, 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补 did not mention definitely anything about his place of residence. In the colophons of 础耻肠颈迟测补惫颈肠腻谤补肠补谤肠腻[2] and the 叠峁沨补迟办补迟丑腻尘补帽箩补谤墨[3], it is mentioned that 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补鈥檚 father Prak膩艣endra established the idol of lord 艢颈惫补 at Svayam, near Nijih膩m膩 in Handawara Tahsil.[4] He died there embracing the image of lord 艢颈惫补. Hence, it is not sure but probable that Svayam was his birth place.
Again 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补鈥檚 last work 顿补艣腻惫补迟腻谤补肠补谤颈迟补[5] informs that he composed the said work in the 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 Mountain. Hence, it may be assumed that 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 was the birth place of 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补. But there is no definite evidence to prove that 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补艣aila was his birth place or usual place of residence. The position of the sacred site of 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 can be fixed with great probability near the modern village of Triphar, at a distance of about three miles from the letter.[6] In the Nilamata 笔耻谤腻峁嘺, 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 is stated as one of the prominent 迟墨谤迟丑补蝉 in Kashmir.[7] 搁腻箩补迟补谤补峁単颈峁嚹� also mentions the name of 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 in several places due to its sanctity to be believed by the people of ancient days.[8] In one place of the same book it is mentioned that king Avant墨varman having suffered from illness proceeded to the site which adjoins the shrine of 艢颈惫补 situated at the 罢谤颈辫耻谤别艣补 hill.[9]
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
asti 蝉惫补蝉迟颈尘补迟腻尘补驳谤测补峁� 尘补峁囜笉颈迟补峁� 产耻诲丑补尘补峁囜笉补濒补颈岣�/
kha峁囜笉it膩kha峁囜笉al膩v膩sadarpa峁� ka艣m墨rama峁囜笉ala峁�// 狈补谤尘补尘腻濒腻 ,I.2
[2]:
ya岣� 艣r墨svayambh奴bhavane vicitre lepyaprati峁ａ弓h膩pitam膩t峁沜akra岣�/
gobh奴mik峁涐梗峁嚹乯inave艣mad膩t膩 tatraiva k膩le tanumutsasarja// 础耻肠颈迟测补惫颈肠腻谤补肠补谤肠腻 ,Upasa峁僪膩ra,2
[3]:
svayambh奴nilaye 艣r墨m膩n ya岣� prati峁ａ弓h膩pya devat膩岣�/
叠峁沨补迟办补迟丑腻尘补帽箩补谤墨 ,Upasa峁僪膩ra,4
[4]:
Sastri, Pt. M.K.,The 顿别艣辞辫补诲别艣补 and 狈补谤尘补尘腻濒腻 of 碍峁尘别苍诲谤补, Introduction, p.21
[5]:
顿补艣腻惫补迟腻谤补肠补谤颈迟补 , Upasa峁僪膩ra, 3
[6]:
搁腻箩补迟补谤补峁単颈峁嚹� , Vols. I-V.46 (fn.), p.192
[7]:
tripure艣膩grata岣� pu峁噛膩mavag膩hya tu 尘腻丑耻谤墨峁�/
尘补丑腻诲别惫补驳颈谤颈峁� d峁涐梗峁璿膩 rudraloke mah墨yate// Nilmata 笔耻谤腻峁嘺 , 1371
[8]:
搁腻箩补迟补谤补峁単颈峁嚹� , V.46, VI.135, VII.151, 526,956
[9]:
Ibid., V. 123