Essay name: The Navya-Nyaya theory of Paksata (Study)
Author:
Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Affiliation: Savitribai Phule Pune University / Department of Sanskrit and Prakrit Languages
This essay studies the Navya-Nyaya theory of Paksata within Indian logic by exploring the Paksataprakarana on the Tattvacintamani of Gangesa Upadhyaya and the Didhiti of Raghunata Siromani. The term 鈥減aksa鈥� originally meant a subject or proposition but evolved to signify a key logical term, representing the subject of an inference or the locus of inference.
Section 2 - The Paksata: Sanskrit Texts, English Translation, and Notes
32 (of 96)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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TCD 106 an
NOTES: Even if there is no cognition of probandum,
inferential cognition does not arise in some cases such as when
there is a desire "I want to infer a fire by smoke" after a
confirmatory cognition which arises from a light. The
that the smoke of desire is a different probans from the light of
confirmatory cognition, therefore,
therefore,
that desire cannot be a cause
is
but an obstructing factor of the inferential cognition.
Raghunatha explains it with an example of kamin墨jij帽膩s膩. The
desire "I want to have a lovely woman" obstructs any knowledge to
arise to that man to arise, therefore, kamin墨jij帽膩s膩 is called an
independent obstructing factor. The desire whose probans differs
from a probans of confirmatory cognition is an independent
obstructing factor. Here, matra means alone. In this case, an
inferential cognition does not arise from smoke but it arises
from both smoke and light. Therefore, Raghunatha added matra.
Vide Kalipada Tarkacharya's commentary, i. e: ubhayalinga-
kecchaya ti dhumenalokena va vahnyanumitir jayatam ity
adilihgavikalpavisayinya icchaya岣�, na tu dhumenalokena ca
vahnyanumitir jayatam ity adilingasamuccayavisayinya icch膩y膩 'ty
arthah. (TCDP: 887, 21-23).
Visvanatha cites Raghunatha's sentence as follows:
dhumaparamarsasattya alokena vahnim anuminuyam iticchayam api
nanumitih. (NSM: 251, 1f.).
TEXT-9: yadi ca tatranumitis tada siddhisattve tatranumiter
varanaya tallingakanumiticcha, tadanyamatralingakanumit莫cchati-
