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Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study)

by G. D. Jayalakshmi | 2019 | 58,344 words

This page relates ‘Analysis of Buddhi (Queen of Jiva)� of the study on the Jivanandana (in English) which is a dramatic play written by Anadaraya Makhin in the 18th century. The Jivanandana praises the excellence of Advaita Vedanta, Ayurveda (medical science) and Dramatic literature as the triple agency for obtaining everlasting bliss.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Buddhi, is the intellect of a human being and here it is personified as the wife of the hero, king īrāja and hence is the queen.

Sage Bharata in his ṭyśٰ provides four-fold division of the heroines as:

  1. (divine),
  2. ṛp-貹ٲī (royal-consort),
  3. ٰܱī (noble body) and
  4. ṇi (courtesan).

Again, he further divides them on the basis of their nature as:

  1. ī (steady),
  2. (gay),
  3. ܻٳ (gallant) and
  4. Ծṛt (grave).

In īԲԻ岹Բ ṭa첹 queen Buddhi as the ṛp-貹ٲī is ī and ܻٳ.

The ṛp-貹ٲī is one, who has been crowned and is of high birth and character equal to that of the king; understanding the king’s character, she shares equally in his joys and sorrows and always desires the welfare of her husband. Bharata’s above given definition aptly suits queen Buddhi in every minute aspect.

Queen Bhuddhi’s entry with ī on the stage makes the minister admire her within himself.[1] On hearing the information received by him from the enemy-camp through ٳṇ�, the queen is very much worried; and suiting her character as buddhi, she immediately asks about the next step to be taken.[2]

When the minister declares that Rasa and Gandhaka should be gained by worshipping lord Ś and goddess ī, Buddhi decides to join her husband. She also joins in their narrations of the glory of lord Ś and goddess ī

She puts in sharp questions to the minister, regarding the way of worshipping the divine couple (p.47):

kena punarupāyena tayo� 岹� saṃpādanīya� |

The place of worship (p.59):

ī-katama� punardeśa� śⲹ upāsanīyā ete |

And how to reach the place, ʳṇḍī첹ܰ (p.60):

첹ٳ� tatra ś� |

Suiting the dramatic tradition, queen Buddhi is portrayed as envious of Śbhakti, about whom the king is vociferous. It is also natural that buddhi cannot easily accept bhakti as logical and reasonable. But here, only when buddhi is conjoined with bhakti, ī can gain the grace of the Lord. Hence, the dramatist quite efficiently makes the character Buddhi never part with ī.

After returning successfully from their mission of obtaining Rasa and Gandhaka, ī and Buddhi meet վñԲ.

Again, during this meeting, Buddhi asks searching questions to վñԲ, regarding the power of Rasa and Gandhaka in driving out the enemy (End of Act III; p.177):

tat kathamidānīmetāvatā� rogāṇāṃ Ծ� ܰ첹� |

She also appropriately asks the king about the availability of knowledgeable person who can correctly use them and is happy to know that վñԲ Ś is the right person to handle them and use them in destroying the diseases (III.21/22; p.160):

ܻ�ⲹٰܳ, kimete rasagandhakā ānyanirapekṣāḥ svayameva vipakṣakṣapaṇa� nirvahanti |
devi divyauṣadhībhi� śodhitā� santo vividharasāyanadvārā uktasāmarthyā hyete |
ī—tadeva� saṃvidhānasamarthena kenāpi bhavitavyam |
—vijṣānaśarmaiva ātra nirvoḍhā |

Again, she intelligently observes that ۲ṣm shows his ignorance in boasting about destroying ī since, when ī perishes, ۲ṣm too would perish (III. 34/35; p.174):

ī—āho ānātmanīnatva� yakṣmahatakasya | yo'smāsu purānniṣkrānteṣu svaya� kutra sthasyāmīti ātmano'pi ś� na gaṇayati |

Buddhi’s participation in the swing-sport arranged by the minister in the royal gardens that evening, again highlights the capacity of the clever queen’s role in everystep of her life with her husband. ī has to relax before the severe ensuing war. Buddhi understands this and accedes to this plan of վñԲ Ś.

The total involvement of Buddhi in the welfare of the kingdom is thus depicted by the playwright.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

I.38:
kimapi niyamitāgrai� kuntalai� snigdhalīlaiḥparilasadaparāṅgā dhārayantī dukūlam |
dhavalamupari bhartuścāmara� ūⲹԲ� viramayati kareṇa vyaktamākarṇanāya ||

[2]:

I.38/39; p.46:
ī�(sodvegam) idānī� ki� kurma�

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