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The Kings were the patrons of art forms such as dance, drama and music. Pallavas were among the earliest rulers of Tamilnadu and they are best known for their architectural wonders of Mahabalipuram. The Cholas were known for the temples around Thanjavur and kings of Vijayanagar Empire for the temples in Karnataka. The temples in India built by them have been providing a nucleus for the growth of various cultural activities. They were not just a place of worship but were a place for social gathering, education and celebration. Art and craft flourished and encouraged in the temples. Performances in the form of music, dance, drama and handicrafts were held here. Thus, the artists acquired the opportunity to worship and present their homage to God and get remuneration from Kings. Inscriptions seen in the temples provide various details about the Kings being patrons of the art forms.

Vi峁ａ箛udharmottara Pur膩峁嘺 prescribes that each temple should have a theatre on its northern side.^[1] Theatre used to be an essential part of the architecture of temples. Most large temples have a hall meant for the performance and the audience to sit. They were known as the 鈥�谤补峁単补 尘补丑腻濒鈥� 鈥�n峁泃ta ma峁囜笉apa鈥�, 鈥�蝉补峁単墨迟补-艣腻濒补鈥� and so on, for occasional sacrifices and dance recitals. This is also called the 鈥�苍补峁璦-尘补苍诲颈谤腻鈥� (hall for temple dancing) where, women dancers or 诲别惫补诲腻蝉颈蝉 used to perform dance rituals. The architectural beauty of these halls, the innate carvings of dance sculptures and the inscriptions found here tells us that dance performances were a regular feature in the temple.

Detailed description of staging a Sanskrit play, in a temple is found in the 碍耻峁�峁�补苍墨尘补迟补^[2] an epic poem composed by 顿腻尘辞诲补谤补 towards the end of the eighth century. In an episode in this poem, the author gives a vivid description of the performance of Sri-贬补谤峁�a鈥檚 搁补迟苍腻惫补濒颈 苍腻峁璱办补. This performance was presented inside Visvanatha temple of Kasi.^[3] 顿腻尘辞诲补谤补 gives an extensive account of how they were presented. The performances of 驰腻迟谤腻 festivals in temples are noted down in various Sanskrit texts. Jaina 腻驳补尘补, describes about the 办谤墨岣峚 驳峁沨补 (playhouse) in Jain temples.^[4] 狈补谤尘补诲腻蝉耻苍诲补谤墨办补迟丑补, a fascinating tale of 笔谤腻办谤颈迟, presents a picturesque account of the 闯颈苍补苍腻迟丑补 Mahotsava in a Jaina temple where dances and drama performances took place.