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Essay name: Devi Tantra, Mantra, Yantra (study)

Author: Srider Basudevan Iyer
Affiliation: University of Mumbai / Sanskrit, University Department

This essay studies the history of Devi (the Goddess) in relation with worship using Tantra, Yantra and Mantra. The study explores the concept of the 'Female Principle' or Goddess, examining her role and significance in ancient Indian society.

Chapter 2 - The Maior Goddesses

Page:

3 (of 125)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


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Warning! Page nr. 3 has not been proofread.

chapter II Major goddesses 60 00 specifically a male and the 'manly-fluid' in any form is an essential.
Thus, she is of two aspects (i) The productive earth and (ii) The
generating female.
-
The Durgāsaptasati or the Devīmāhātmayam³ gives the
earliest classification of the goddesses as sowmya, raudra and the
Great Goddess as being midway between the two. This has been
picked up by Lindsay Jones in the classification given by him.
Lindsay Jones has categorized the goddesses into two main types viz;
(i) Sowmya and (ii) Raudra*.
According to Wendy Doinger', the 'Sowmya' goddesses are
'Breast goddesses and the 'Raudra' are the 'Tooth 'goddesses. The
'Breast goddesses are gentle and nurturing while the 'Tooth goddesses
are ambiguous and potentially dangerous. The 'tooth goddesses are
sometimes dangerous and must be viewed with caution. The 'tooth
goddesses' represent two things - (a) The cause of suffering, and; (b)
Release from suffering. A third category of goddesses are those who is
are midway from the 'tooth goddesses' and the 'breast goddesses' are
all those goddesses who claim equal status with their counterparts and
are either independent spouse goddesses or dependent spouse
goddesses.
The goddesses in Ancient India played a subordinate role in
the pantheon. The principal deities were exclusively males, and it was
solely by virtue of their position as consorts of these male deities, that
Editor

[9
]
DM. V.11a. M.S.University oriental series no.18. 1997
Lindsay Jones, 'Encyclopedia of Religion Vol-6,' P.3607.
Doinger Wendy, 'Encyclopedia of Religion Vol-6,' P.3608.

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