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same caste. Love was permissible according to
V膩tsy膩yana with maidens of other castes, but not marriage."
Carudatta and Sajjalaka were Br膩hma峁嘺s and they fell in
love with courtesans who evidently did not belong to their
castes.
told any ceremonies were
performed or whether any special form was necessary to
legalize these marriages.
We are not ?
It is contended on the strength of stray uses of the
word "Sambandha" in some of the plays that sambandha
marriages current in South India are referred to in these
plays." The argument is put forth to cast doubt on
the authenticity of the plays and to show their southern
origin and late date. Now, at all the places where the
word sambandha is taken to refer to sambandha marriages,
we find that the word is used in its simple sense of
'relationship' and not the technical sense which is sought
to be attached to the word." Yet owing to the importance
of the problem we deem it necessary to consider the point
here. We are obliged to Mr. K. G. Sankar for
enlightening us on the 'sambandha marriage'. "Sambandha
is neither more nor less", writes he, "than civil marriage
with right of divorce. The presentation of a cloth by the
vara to the vadhu with a social dinner constitutes the
entire ritual. No Sanskrit mantras are recited and
Anuloma intercaste marriages are permitted, and the wife
has the status of a legal wife, but she does not share the
religious life of her husband and the husband does not inter-
dine with his wife. The children of such marriage take the
mother's caste. This is the popular form of marriage in
Malabar except in the case of Br膩hma峁嘺 women."
Applying these requisites to the marriages of Vasavadatt膩
and Kurangi which are alleged to be sambandha marriages,
we find that neither can be styled as such by any stretch
of imagination on any account. Both the husband and
wife in these instances belong to the same caste, i.e., they
are Ksatriyas, and their marriages are performed with
religious ceremonies in the presence of fire with the
chanting of mantras. There is again no question of the
husband not interdining with the wife or the status of the
of
s
of
1 Cf. Chakladar, Social Life, pp. 116, 117, 119. 2 S. Kuppuswami Sastri,
Ascarya, Intr., pp. 26-27. 3 Pratij帽膩, pp. 33, 34, 37, 73; Svapna, p. 43; Avi.
4 Letter dated 14-8-1932. Sambandha marriages are recognized in law if they
are registered under the Malabar Marriage Act.-Kelkar and Khare, Hindu Law
(in Marathi) p. 83.