Essay name: Bhasa (critical and historical study)
Author: A. D. Pusalker
This book studies Bhasa, the author of thirteen plays ascribed found in the Trivandrum Sanskrit Series. These works largely adhere to the rules of traditional Indian theatrics known as Natya-Shastra.
Page 382 of: Bhasa (critical and historical study)
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the life of a householder after marrying a girl of his own
caste. "Marriage Laws and Customs" are dealt with in
detail in the next chapter. The first duty of a householder
was to kindle the sacrificial fire and offer daily oblations
to the fire. He had also to perform a number of religious
and domestic rites and the Gautam adharma s煤 tra
(VIII. 14-20) prescribes forty sacraments for a house-
holder.
When a householder got old and had sons to shoulder
the responsibility of worldly affairs he entered the life of a
hermit (Vanaprastha) staying in a forest. He had to
perform penances there, aloof from the din of the world.
-
Then finally came the last stage, Sanny膩sa
(asceticism), which was open only to the Br膩hma峁嘺s.
The life of an ascetic was one of hardship, an ordeal.
Some of the important rules are given here. The
Sannyasin had to live on begging. He was required to
conquer his passions and have equanimity of mind under
all circumstances. He was to regard all with equality.
He was not to desire anything, nor to hoard anything,
nor to have any attachment for anybody. He was to
wander from place to place and not to stay at a place for
more than a day.
We get the following information from Bhasa as to
the four orders (膩艣ramas) and their duties.
After initiation, the Br膩hma峁嘺 boy had to go to a
preceptor for the study of the Vedas. It appears that
the disciples were entrusted to the care of the tutor when
quite young, and hence all the responsibility as to the
physical, mental and intellectual development of the child
rested with the tutor. It has rightly been observed,
therefore, that should the pupil misbehave, the fault lies
at the door not of his parents or friends, but of his
teacher. Residence at the house of a preceptor entailed
the performance of manual labour such as accompanying
him to the forest to fetch fuel, fruit, root, flowers, etc.鲁
Among other holidays, one was observed on a峁ａ弓ami when
no instruction in the Vedas was to be given. In this
connection, it is interesting to note that the system of
1 Pa帽c, I. 21. 2 Karna. p. 75. 啶曕う啶距啶苦い啷� 啶げ啶啶侧じ啶た啶む啶曕啶多ぞ啶灌ぐ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶椸い啶掂い啶� 啶椸啶班啶｀ぞ
啶膏す啶距え啷佮啶む啶洁じ啷嵿ぎ啶� 啷� [kad膩cit phalam奴lasamitku艣膩hara峁嚹亂a gatavat膩 guru峁嚹�
sah膩nugato'smi | ] 3 Car, p. 41.
啷�
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