Essay name: Archaeology and the Mahabharata (Study)
Author:
Gouri Lad
Affiliation: Deccan College Post Graduate And Research Institute / Department of AIHC and Archaeology
This study examines the Mahabharata from an archaeological perspective. The Maha-Bbharata is an ancient Indian epic written in Sanskrit—it represents a vast literary work with immense cultural and historical significance. This essay aims to use archaeology to verify and contextualize the Mahabharata's material aspects.
Chapter 14 - Weapons
112 (of 123)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
Download the PDF file of the original publication
geometric compositions e.g. 'satabindu', 'satavarta', 'satasurya' and 'sataksi' in which the number 100 appeared with a monotonous repitition. That these stylized patterns were late in the Mbh too is obvious since they are entirely restricted to the 38th adhyaya of the Viraṭaparva and do not appear anywhere else in the Epic. Their ad verbatim parallels in Bana's Kadambari can push their date further down to the 7th century A.D. Again they seem to have been confined to armour-coats both in the Mbh as well as in the Kadambari, understandably so because no other weapon can provide so much designing surface for a pattern running into hundreds. The floral and the animal motifs are equally interesting not only for their artistic antecedants but also for their chronological implications. We are again singularly fortunate that life-size replicas in stone of a sword and a club (musala) ornamented with animal forms have been preserved for us. Both are part of a huge h headless stone statue of the Kusana emperor Kaniṣka found at Mathura and dated to the 1st century A.D. This sword has a long hilt, originally of ivory or jade, decorated Clube on top with a swan's head, while the mace 3'-5" long is strengthened with 5 metal bands, the lower-most of which is decorated with a fish-tailed makara head which like the bands must have originally been of metal (Agrawala 1952: 39). The appearance of these ornamental animal motifs 569
