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The subject matter of the science of architecture from the standpoint of an architect, Sthapati has already been elucidated in the previous pages, but in continuation of the chapter, 44 of the 厂补尘补谤腻峁単补峁嘺蝉奴迟谤补诲丑腻谤补 chapter 45th entitled 鈥�础峁ａ弓腻峁単补-濒补办峁�a峁嘺鈥� (sec also V.L.) gives the following constitution of the 痴腻蝉迟耻-艣腻蝉迟谤补 from the standpoint of an art of Sthapati, the 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补 (sthapate岣� ida峁� sth膩patyam) and the 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补 is synonymous with the science of architecture.

Architecture is what the architect makes:

鈥淭his four-fold 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补鈥�(as described in the previous chapter)鈥�艢腻蝉迟谤补, Karma, 笔谤补箩帽腻 and 艢墨濒补鈥攊s now being described with its eight-fold limbs鈥� (45-1).

Among them the first and foremost is the settling and forming (痴颈办补濒辫补苍腻) of the 痴腻蝉迟耻-辫耻谤耻峁�a. This is the first limb of the body of Hindu Architecture. It is pre-requisite of all architectural work, sacred and domestic, religious and civil. The second limb consists of the planning of town, door-work, laying out of the roads, the planning of fortification, the enclosure, the 笔谤腻办腻谤补, etc., the 补峁�峁�腻濒补办补 together with the layout of the lanes, bylanes and the plotting out the whole area of the habitation of men and dedication to gods. The third limb is represented by only one subject鈥攖丑别 architecture of Hindu-temple鈥攖丑别 笔谤腻蝉腻诲补, being the foremost planning of Hindu Architecture. The 4 th, 5th and 6th are the raising of the Indra鈥檚 flag, the Royal palace with its paraphernalia of kingly establishments, the planning of the residential houses caste-wise and professionwise respectively. The seventh limb, spoken of, is the measurement of a sacrificer鈥檚 shed, the sacrificial altar and the procedure of the 碍辞峁璱丑辞尘补. The eighth, the last one, represents the planning of the forts and camps of kings, the encampments (ibid 2-9).

This is the 厂补尘补谤腻峁単补峁嘺蝉奴迟谤补诲丑腻谤补鈥檚 conception of a Sthapati and the 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补, his art. It is in keeping with the etymological meaning of the word sthapati鈥攎aster of what stands or abides. This again is the implication as to why the science of architecture鈥�痴腻蝉迟耻-艢腻蝉迟谤补 is also called the 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补-艣膩stra. Both are complementary to each other.

In the end, I may just make a few remarks regarding its place i峁� the ancient sacred lore of India. 痴腻蝉迟耻-艢腻蝉迟谤补, the science of architecture, does not find a place in the traditional list of sacred lore, the 痴颈诲测腻-sth膩n膩ni. It does not, therefore, mean that it was not a 痴颈诲测腻 in the traditionally accepted sense of the term. It was part of the Veda, the primordial knowledge. We arc all familiar that the Vedas had their Upavedas too. 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补-艣膩stra is one of the Upavedas, the auxiliary parts of the Veda. It was recounted as an applied knowledge subordinated to Atharava Veda just as Ayur-Veda is attached to 峁欢-痴别诲补, Dhanur-Veda attached to Yajur-Veda and 骋腻苍诲丑补谤惫补-痴别诲补 attached to 厂腻尘补-惫别诲补. Prof. Stella Kramrisch has very aptly brought out this ancient character of the science (see H. Temple p. 11): 鈥�Vastu-艣膩stra in. its fullest exposition belongs to Tantra which is the applied knowledge of the Atharva-veda. As a ritual, architecture is moreover doubly linked with the primordial knowledge, i.e. the Veda and is included i峁� two of the six 痴别诲腻峁単补蝉, These are appendices which are auxiliary to Veda. The fifth 痴别诲腻峁単补鈥攁蝉迟谤辞苍辞尘测-补蝉迟谤辞濒辞驳测, 闯测辞迟颈峁�a and the sixth 痴别诲腻峁単补, Kalpa, in which are laid down the rules of the sacrificial acts, the ritual, are both in parts, essential constituents of the science of Indian architecture. The 艣耻濒产补-蝉奴迟谤补蝉 contained in the 碍补濒辫补-蝉奴迟谤补蝉, represent the rules and give proportionate measurements for laying out and piling up the Vedic altar. On them basically rests the building of the Hindu Temple鈥�. The Sarnar膩峁単a峁嘺 was fully conscious of this traditional character of the 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补. Accordingly it, in its chapter tenth entitled, 鈥�笔耻谤补苍颈惫别艣补鈥�, (cf. 77th verse), enumerates the fourfold 厂迟丑腻辫补迟测补 by the side of the other Upavedas like eightfold medicine鈥攖丑别 膧测耻谤惫别诲补; seven-fold Military Science鈥攖丑别 Dhanur-veda and the science of luminaries鈥攖丑别 闯测辞迟颈峁�a Upaveda (the astronomy-astrology), and it also hints at the common founder of all those鈥攖丑别 Creator 叠谤补丑尘腻, the lotus-housed one.