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Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words

The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...

This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.11:

तावेवं सन्निपतितौ भेदे� प्रतिपादने �
अवच्छेदमिवाधाय संशय� व्यपकर्षतः � ११ �

tāveva� sannipatitau bhedena pratipādane |
avacchedamivādhāya saṃśaya� vyapakarṣata� || 11 ||

11. Thus the two words (at first incapable) of conveying the particular (ultimately) bring about differentiation and remove all doubt.

Commentary

[When the two words come together in the same sentence, they specify each other’s meaning and dispel the requirement and the sense of incompleteness which was felt before. The word ṛṣṇa now conveys the colour black but also the universal sesame-ness with which it co-exists and the word tila not only conveys the universal sesameness but also the colour black with which it coexists. In this way the meanings of the two words become related. Sec . on P.2.1.57.]

The relation between the two words is 峾󾱰첹ṇy = the appositional relation. Something is now being said to elucidate it.

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