Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.7.108
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.7.108:
啶掂た啶啷嵿い啶啶ㄠた 啶い啷嵿啶距ぐ啷嵿く啶� 啶曕ぞ啶班ぃ啷囙き啷嵿く啶� 啶啶班さ啶班啶むい啷� 啷�
啶膏啶掂ぞ 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶班啶掂啶啷嵿い啶苦ぐ啷傕お啷囙ぃ 啶むじ啷嵿く啶距お啶� 啶掂啶さ啶むた啶粪啶犩い啷� 啷� 啷оウ啷� 啷�vibhaktayoni yatk膩rya峁� k膩ra峁噀bhya岣� pravartate |
sv膩 j膩tirvyaktir奴pe峁嘺 tasy膩pi vyavati峁ａ弓hate || 108 ||108. It is the universal which appears as the particular when the effect which is different from the causes emerges out of them.
Commentary
It is now stated that even according to the view that the effect is different from the cause, the expression a峁卥uro j膩yate can be explained as an external reality.
[Read verse 108 above]
[The effect which is different from the cause does not exist as such before its production but it exists in its universal form. It is this universal which, for its own manifestation, sets in motion the accessories. So it is the universal which already exists that is born as the particular. Thus, as the universal it is the agent and as the particular it is born.]
The author now reaffirms his view that what is called the object (the meaning) is what the word conveys.