Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.439-440
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.439-440:
啶呧え啷嵿さ啶距啷嵿く啶距え啶距く 啶 啶啶︵ 啶啶班い啶苦お啶む啶むた啶ㄠた啶え啷嵿ぇ啶ㄠぎ啷� 啷�
啶膏ぞ啶曕ぞ啶權啶曕啶粪ぞ啶掂く啶掂 啶啶︵ 啶む啶ㄠぞ啶ㄠ啶う啷佮お啶掂ぐ啷嵿ぃ啷嵿く啶む 啷� 啷ォ啷� 啷�
啶呧え啷囙啶多啷嵿い啷囙ぐ啷囙啶膏啶� 啶啶班さ啶苦き啶距啷嬥そ啶ㄠ啶椸ぎ啷嵿く啶む 啷�
啶忇啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶む啶掂 啶灌た 啶掂ぞ啶曕啶じ啷嵿く 啶ぞ啶む啶班く啶距そ啶た 啶啶班い啷�啶い啷� 啷� 啷オ啷� 啷�anv膩khy膩n膩ya yo bheda岣� pratipattinibandhanam |
s膩k膩峁卥峁Ｄ乿ayava峁� bhede ten膩nyadupavar峁噛ate || 439 ||
aneka艣akterekasya pravibh膩go'nugamyate |
ek膩rthatva峁� hi v膩kyasya 尘腻迟谤补测腻'pi prat墨yate || 440 ||439. The division of it which is made in order to explain it is the means of knowing it. In that division, the parts are incomplete and require one another. Through this means, something different from it is defined.
440. Of the sentence which has many powers, a division is understood (on the basis of the differentiation of word-meanings). The unity of the sentence-meaning is understood even from slight indications.
Commentary
[For the understanding of unity from slight indications, 笔耻峁噛补谤腻箩补 gives the following illustration. There is the 蝉奴迟谤补鈥�ig 测补峁嘺岣� 蝉补峁僷谤补蝉腻谤补峁嘺m (P. 1.1.45) = The ik which comes in place of 测补峁� is called 蝉补峁僷谤补蝉腻谤补峁嘺. The two words ig 测补峁嘺岣� convey a connected meaning, namely, the relation of original and substitute (蝉迟丑腻苍测腻诲别艣补产丑腻惫补). It is a sentence-meaning because it comes from two connected words. But this sentence meaning can be conveyed by the single word in the singular number, namely, 蝉补峁僷谤补蝉腻谤补峁嘺m. This is the slight indication (尘腻迟谤补测腻).
What the 痴峁泃迟颈 says may be briefly, indicated as follows:鈥�
Those who uphold the unity and the eternality of the word believe that the sentence conveys action, particularised by time, special accessories, substance, person, aspect etc. That One indivisible word is analysed for practical purposes into parts, but it stands for one indivisible meaning, involving qualifying and qualified elements. By analysing the unified powers of the sentence, practical divisions are obtained. But without this practical division, words like 蝉补峁僷谤补蝉腻谤补峁嘺 are conveying a sentence-meaning. The relevant words of the 痴峁泃迟颈, though doubtful in places, are as follows鈥�Tena v膩ky膩rthastveka岣� sa峁僷ras膩ra峁嚹乨iprak膩ray膩 m膩tr膩parim膩峁嘺y膩 vibh膩godde艣am antare峁嘺 praty膩yyate. V膩ky膩rthasya hi 蝉补峁僷谤补蝉腻谤补峁嘺sa峁僯帽膩vibh膩godde艣ena 惫颈苍腻 sambandhini vij帽膩yate.]