Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.426-427
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.426-427:
啶嗋啷嵿く啶距い啶う啶掂ぞ啶氞啶啶洁ぐ啷嵿ぅ啷� 啶膏ぞ啶оえ啷嬥お啶ㄠた啶え啷嵿ぇ啶ㄠ 啷�
啶掂た啶ㄠぞ 啶膏い啷嵿い啶掂ぞ啶た啶оぞ啶ㄠ啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶曕ぞ啶權啶曕啶粪ぞ 啶掂た啶ㄠた啶掂ぐ啷嵿い啶む 啷� 啷エ啷� 啷�
啶啶班ぞ啶оぞ啶ㄠ啶ぞ啶む啶む 啶曕啶班た啶ぞ 啶啶班啶掂ぎ啶班啶ムじ啷嵿く 啶啶班さ啶苦き啶溹啶い啷� 啷�
啶膏ぞ啶о啶お啷嵿ぐ啶啶曕啶むぞ啶ㄠ啶啷嵿啶ㄠた 啶げ啶� 啶むじ啷嵿く啶距 啶啶班く啷嬥啶曕ぎ啷� 啷� 啷エ啷� 啷�膩khy膩tapadav膩cye'rthe s膩dhanopanibandhane |
惫颈苍腻 sattav膩bhidh膩nena n膩k膩峁卥峁Ｄ� vinivartate || 426 ||
pr膩dh膩ny膩ttu kriy膩 p奴rvamarthasya pravibhajyate |
蝉腻诲丑测补prayukt膩nya峁単ani phala峁� tasy膩岣� prayojakam || 427 ||426. The requirement (that is, rhe incompleteness) which is felt in the meaning expressed by the verb which depends upon an accessory is not removed unless the thing which can be the accessory is also mentioned.
427. It is the action which is first analysed from the meaning (of the sentence) because it is the main thing. The accessories are employed for the sake of the action to be accomplished. As for the action, it is the result aimed at that sets it in motion.
Commentary
[If the action requires the accessories and if the accessories require the action, there is equality in dependence. Why should the dependence of the nouns expressive of the accessories be emphasised? y膩vat膩yathaiva n膩mn膩峁� kriy膩padam 腻办腻峁卥峁Ｄ佱箖 vicchinatti tathaiv膩khy膩t膩n膩mapi 惫颈苍腻 sattv膩bhidh膩napaden膩k膩峁卥峁Ｄ� na vicchidyate, asks the 痴峁泃迟颈 and answers as follows鈥�S膩dhyastv arth膩tm膩 svaphalaprayukta岣� pr膩dh膩ny膩t sarvasya v膩kyopasa峁単rah膩rthasya 辫奴谤惫补峁� pravibhajyate = The process or action, set in motion by the result to be attained is the most important element and it is, therefore, analysed out of the sentence-meaning first. Once that is obtained by analysis, the accessories on which depends its coming into being, are automatically understood.
Tena tu pravibhakte (na) s膩dhanapralabhyatv膩d 膩tmal膩bhasya s膩marthy膩k峁pt膩ni s膩dhan膩ni prat墨yante. This is not the case with the accessories which are all already there (siddha) and are set in motion by the process (蝉腻诲丑测补 prayukte峁鈥擭a tu s膩dhane峁 siddhatv膩t 蝉腻诲丑测补prayukte峁 etat sambhavati.]
It is now stated that all this conception of process and accessory and their mutual relation is artificial and relative and not real.