Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 1.67
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 1.67:
啶むい啷嵿ぐ啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶掂い啷嵿い啷嵿さ啶距い啷� 啶啶班ぅ啶ぞ 啶膏啶溹啶炧ぞ啶多が啷嵿う啶距う啷嵿さ啶苦ぇ啷�啶い啷� 啷�
啶呧じ啷嵿く啷囙い啶� 啶掂啶い啶苦ぐ啷囙啶多啶� 啶むう啶班啶ムぞ啶︵啶� 啶溹ぞ啶い啷� 啷� 啷キ 啷�tatr膩rthavattv膩t pratham膩 sa峁僯帽膩艣abd膩dvidh墨yate |
asyeti vyatireka艣ca tadarth膩deva j膩yate || 67 ||67. Because it has its own form as the meaning, the nominative case comes after the name. When it has an outside object as the meaning, difference comes in and is conveyed by the genitive case in the form 鈥�asya鈥�.
Commentary
When the form of the word is sought to be imposed on external objects, then they are meaningful with their own form which is their basis (补诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑腻苍补) and the first case-affix is taught after them. When one says: 鈥淭his is so and so鈥�, the relation (of the name) with the named is specified, its expressive power鈥檌s determined. As when one says: 鈥淭his 痴腻丑墨办补 is a cow鈥� or 鈥淭his lad is a lion鈥�. The cause of the addition of the sixth case-affix to the named, namely, the absence of the meaning of the stem, is brought about by the connection of the name which stands for its form with the words which are the named. It has been said鈥�
鈥淪ince, whether in the form 鈥榯hat is so and so鈥� or in the form 鈥榯his is the name of so and so鈥�, it is with a meaningful name and not with a meaningless one that connection takes place;therefore, the relation between word and meaning is eternal.鈥�