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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

उदाहरणम्,
हर�-भक्त�-रसाभिज्ञ� � मोक्षम� अभिकाङ्क्षति �
प्रसूनम् अपरं भृङ्गो नेच्छत्य� अम्बुज-लम्पटः ॥|

ܻ󲹰ṇa,
hari-bhakti-rasābhijño na ǰṣa 󾱰ṅkṣaپ |
ūԲ apara� bhṛṅgo necchaty ambuja-貹ṭa� ||

hari-bhakti—in devotional service to Hari; rasa—the aesthetic bliss; ñ�—one who is conversant; na£dz; ǰṣa—lپDz; 󾱰ṅkṣaپ—d; ūԲflower; aparam—aԴdzٳ; ṛṅ�—a bee; na£dz; icchati—d; ambuja—for a lotus; 貹ṭa�—which is greedy.

One who is familiar with the relishment in devotional service to Hari does not long for liberation from material existence. A bee greedy for a lotus does not want another kind of flower.

atrobhayatrāpi vākye spṛhā-rūpa eko dharma� śabda-bhedenopātta�.

In this verse, the same attribute, in the form of having a desire, is in both sentences and is obtained with a difference in the wording.

Commentary:

Here the first sentence is the upameya sentence and the second one is the ܱ貹Բ sentence. In پū貹 and ṛṣṭānٲ (exemplification) (10.92), a word of comparison, such as iva (like), is never used, thus the comparison is implied.

This is Mammaṭa’s example:

devī-bhāva� gamitā parivāra-pada� katha� bhajaty eṣ� |
na khalu paribhoga-yogya� daivata-rūpāṅkita� ratnam ||

“[An advisor speaks to the king:] Having occupied the role of a queen, how can she assume the position of an ordinary wife? Truly, a jewel marked with the emblem of a demigod should not be worn as a mere decoration� (屹ⲹ-ś verse 453).

Here the attribute in common, “impropriety�, is mentioned in each sentence, yet with a difference in the wording. There is no mirror effect of any other aspect. In Mammaṭa’s methodology, پū貹 amounts to a deficient ṛṣṭānٲ.

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