Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 12.49
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶啷嵿さ啶距え 啶嬥し啶 啶︵啶掂ぞ 啶掂啶︵ぞ 啶溹啶啶む啶傕し啶� 啶掂い啷嵿じ啶班ぞ啶� 啷�
啶た啶むぐ啶多啶氞啶� 啶膏ぞ啶о啶ぞ啶多啶� 啶︵啶掂た啶む啶ぞ 啶膏ぞ啶む啶む啶掂た啶曕 啶椸い啶苦 啷� 啷ク 啷�yajv膩na 峁涐梗ayo dev膩 ved膩 jyot墨峁冡梗i vatsar膩岣� |
pitara艣caiva s膩dhy膩艣ca dvit墨y膩 s膩ttvik墨 gati岣� || 49 ||Sacrificers, sages, gods, vedas, luminaries, years, 笔颈迟峁泂 and 厂腻诲丑测补蝉 represent the second state partaking of 鈥楽attva.鈥欌��(49)
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁a):
Words composed in a certain order are called 鈥�Veda.鈥�
鈥淚n the course of the states of existence, what occasion is there for the mention of insentient things? Words and other things are all insentient.鈥�
鈥淚t is too little when you say that words and other things are inanimate. All the beings, from the gods down to the immoveable things, exist in the form of bodies, and all bodies are insentient. As for the sentient faculty, it appears in the form of personal consciousness,鈥攁nd this Personality, by itself, is devoid of qualities. But the body, though insentient, comes to be regarded as sentient when it is inhabited by the Personality.
Thus what the text means comes to this:鈥擳he Veda abounds in the quality of 鈥�Sattva;鈥� hence by its study, people attain to the state partaking of the quality of 鈥楽attva.鈥� And 鈥榯he attaining of the state partaking of Sattva鈥� does not mean that the man abounding in 鈥楽attva鈥� become the Veda.
The view of other people is, that in all things there is a conscious being supervising over them, and 鈥榩ersonalities of the Veda鈥� are described as residing in the regions of Varu峁嘺.鈥�(49)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
鈥�Vedas鈥�.鈥斺�榁erbal text鈥� (Medh膩tithi);鈥斺�楶ersonification of the Veda鈥� (鈥榦thers鈥� in Medh膩tithi, Govindar膩ja and Kull奴ka).
This verse is quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 999);鈥攊n 惭补诲补苍补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 (p. 694), which notes that the terms 鈥榁eda鈥� and 鈥榲atsara鈥� stand for the respective presiding Deities;鈥攊n 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (Pr膩ya艣citta, p. 488);鈥攁nd in 狈峁泂颈峁僪补辫谤补蝉腻诲补 (Pr膩ya艣citta 41a).
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 12.32-51)
See Comparative notes for Verse 12.32.