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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶多い啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距す啷嵿ぎ啶｀ぎ啶距�曕�嵿ぐ啷佮ざ啷嵿�� 啶曕�嵿し啶む�嵿ぐ啶苦く啷� 啶︵ぃ啷嵿ぁ啶�啶班�嵿す啶むた 啷�
啶掂�堗ざ啷嵿く啷嬥そ啶�啷嵿く啶班�嵿ぇ啶多い啶� 啶︵�嵿さ啷� 啶掂ぞ 啶多�傕う啷嵿ぐ啶膏�嵿い啷� 啶掂ぇ啶�啶班�嵿す啶むた 啷� 啷ㄠガ啷� 啷�

艣ata峁� br膩hma峁嘺m膩kru艣ya k峁�atriyo da峁囜笉amarhati |
vai艣yo'pyardha艣ata峁� dve v膩 艣奴drastu vadhamarhati || 267 ||

On abusing a Br膩hma峁嘺 the K峁�atriya should be fined one hundred; and the Vai艣ya one hundred and fifty; or two hundred; the 艢奴诲谤补 however deserves immolation.鈥�(267)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁�ya):

鈥�Abusing鈥� is speaking harshly. In most cases it takes the following forms:鈥�(a) Causing pain by addressing foul words;鈥�(b) cursing without reason鈥斺�極 low-born one, may you suffer long鈥�;鈥�(c) giving false information; e.g., 鈥榶our unmarried daughter is pregnant鈥�;鈥�(d) defamation, attributing to him serious or non-serious offences.

The punishment to be inflicted upon the K峁�atriya and the Vai艣ya for abusing a Br膩hma峁嘺 is as here laid down. In another 厂尘峁泃颈 (驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补, 2.2.10) however we read鈥斺�業f a defamation refers to a heinous offence, the penalty shall consist of the middle amercement; while if it refer to a minor offence, it shall be the lowest amercement.鈥�

For the 艢奴诲谤补 鈥�immolation,鈥欌�攊n the form of beating, cutting off the tongue, actual death, and so forth, to be adjusted in accordance, with the exact nature of the abuse.鈥�(267)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

This verse is quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 808), which adds that 鈥�vadha鈥� here means 鈥榗utting off the tongue鈥�;鈥攊n 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘补诲丑补惫补 (Vyavah膩ra, p. 295);鈥攊n 惭颈迟腻办峁�a谤腻, (2.207),.where 叠腻濒补尘产丑补峁�峁�墨 adds the following notes:鈥斺��Adhyardha,鈥� 150,鈥攚hether it should be 150 or 200 in any particular case is to depend upon the lightness or gravity of the offence,鈥斺��vadha,鈥� beating and so forth.

It is quoted in 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 (p. 250), which adds the following notes:鈥斺��膧办谤耻艣测补鈥� stands for the 鈥榤iddle鈥� kind of defamation鈥攕ays 笔腻谤颈箩腻迟补;鈥斺赌�adhyardham 艣atam鈥�, 150,鈥斺��dve v膩鈥�, this alternative is prescribed in view of the comparative gravity of the defamation;鈥斺赌�vadha鈥�, beating, cutting off of the tongue and so forth.

It is quoted鈥� in 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补尘补测奴办丑补 (p. 99);鈥攁nd in 狈峁泂颈峁僪补辫谤补蝉腻诲补 (Vyavah膩ra, 44b);鈥攊n 痴颈惫腻诲补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 (Calcutta, p. 70), which explains 鈥�adhyardham鈥� as 鈥榦ne and a half鈥�, and 鈥�vadha鈥� as 鈥榖eating鈥�, and says that the punishment, in the case of the Vai艣ya and the 艢奴诲谤补 also, is for defamation;鈥攁nd in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (Vyavah膩ra, 149a).

 

Comparative notes by various authors

(verses 8.267-270)

Gautama (12. 1, 8, 10-13).鈥斺�楢 艢奴诲谤补 who intentionally reviles twice-born men, by criminal abuse, or criminally assaults them with blows, shall be deprived of the limb with which he has offended. A K峁�atriya shall he fined one hundred, if he abuses a Br膩hma峁嘺. A Vai艣ya who abuses a Br膩hma峁嘺 shall pay one and a half (times as much as the K峁�atriya). A Br膩hma峁嘺 abusing a K峁�atriya shall pay 50; half of that for abusing a Vai艣ya; nothing for abusing a 艢奴诲谤补.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (2.206.207).鈥斺�楾he fine is half for reviling one lower than one鈥檚 self, double, for reviling women and superior persons; thus shall the fine he inflicted in accordance with the superiority or inferiority of the castes concerned. If a person abuses another belonging to a higher caste, he shall be fined double and treble (of 50 笔补峁嘺蝉); if one abuses another belonging to a lower caste, the fine shall be reduced by half of the afore-mentioned.鈥�

础谤迟丑补艣腻蝉迟谤补 (p. 104).鈥斺�楢mong the Br膩hma峁嘺, the K峁�atriya, the Vai艣ya, the 艢奴诲谤补 and the Ca峁囜笉膩la,鈥攊f the succeeding reviles the preceding, the fine shall be 3 笔补峁嘺蝉;鈥攊f the preceding reviles the succeeding, it shall be 2 笔补峁嘺蝉.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (5.23, 33-35-38).鈥斺�業f the 艢奴诲谤补 uses abusive language, his tongue shall be cut off;鈥攆or using insulting language, he shall be fined a hundred 办腻谤峁Ｄ乸补峁嘺蝉;鈥攆or insulting a man by using bad language regarding his mother, the highest amercement;鈥攆or abusing a man of his own caste, he shall be fined twelve 笔补峁嘺蝉; for abusing a man of a lower caste, six 笔补峁嘺蝉;鈥攆or insulting a member of the highest caste, or of his own caste (at the same time), the same fine is ordained;鈥攐r if he only returns his insult, a fine amounting to three 办腻谤峁Ｄ乸补峁嘺蝉.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补 (2.27.14).鈥斺�楾he tongue of a 艢奴诲谤补 who speaks evil of a virtuous person, belonging to one of the first three castes, shall be cut out.鈥�

狈腻谤补诲补 (15-16.15-17, 22, 25).鈥斺�楢 K峁�atriya who reviles a Br膩hma峁嘺 must pay one hundred 笔补峁嘺蝉 as fine; a Vai艣ya must pay one and a half hundred, or two hundred; a 艢奴诲谤补 deserves corporal punishment. A Br膩hma峁嘺 shall he fined fifty 笔补峁嘺蝉 for calumniating a K峁�atriya; in the case of a Vai艣ya, the fine shall he half of fifty; in the case of a 艢奴诲谤补, it shall be twelve 笔补峁嘺蝉. When a twice-born person offends against a member of his own caste, he shall pay twelve 笔补峁嘺蝉 as fine. When he utters calumnies which ought never to be uttered, the fine shall be twice as high. A once-born man who insults members of a twice-born caste with gross invectives, shall have his tongue cut out... With whatever limb a low-caste man offends against a Br膩hma峁嘺, that very limb of his shall be cut off; such shall be the atonement of his crime.鈥�

艢补峁卥丑补-尝颈办丑颈迟补 (痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补, p. 251).鈥斺�楢 Br膩hma峁嘺 abusing a K峁�atriya should be fined 100; 50 for abusing a Vai艣ya and 鈥�25 for abusing a 艢奴诲谤补.鈥�

叠峁沨补蝉辫腻迟颈 (20.6-11).鈥斺�榃hen persons equal in caste and qualities abuse one another, the punishment ordained for them is thirteen 笔补峁嘺蝉 and a half. For a Br膩hma峁嘺 abusing a K峁�atriya, the fine shall be a half-hundred; for abusing a Vai艣ya, half of fifty; for abusing a 艢奴诲谤补, twelve and half. This punishment has been ordained for abusing a virtuous 艢奴诲谤补 who has committed no wrong; no offence is imputable to a Br膩hma峁嘺 for abusing a 艢奴诲谤补 devoid of virtue. A Vai艣ya shall he fined a hundred 笔补峁嘺蝉 for reviling a K峁�atriya; a K峁�atriya reviling a Vai艣ya shall have to pay half of that amount as fine. In the case of a K峁�atriya reviling a 艢奴诲谤补, the fine shall be twenty 笔补峁嘺蝉; in the case of a Vai艣ya, double that amount. The 艢奴诲谤补 shall be compelled to pay the fine of the first amercement for abusing a Vai艣ya; the middle amercement for abusing a K峁�atriya 5 and the highest amercement for abusing a Br膩hma峁嘺.鈥�

艢补峁卥丑补-尝颈办丑颈迟补 (V墨v膩daratn膩kara, p. 248).鈥斺�楩or abusing a person of a higher caste, the offender should propitiate him and pay a fine of three 办腻谤峁Ｄ乸补峁嘺蝉;鈥攐n insulting a man of the same caste as oneself the fine is twelve 办腻谤峁Ｄ乸补苍补蝉; and twenty-four, for insulting a person of superior qualifications.鈥�

贬腻谤墨迟补 (Do., p. 251).鈥斺�楩or a low-caste man abusing one of a higher caste, the fine is eight 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 (Pur膩峁嘺 being equal to 32 silver 办峁涐梗峁嘺濒补蝉).鈥�