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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶呧ぐ啷嵿ぅ啷囙そ啶�啶掂�嵿く啶�啶�啶距え啶� 啶む�� 啶曕ぐ啶｀�囙�� 啶掂た啶�啶距さ啶苦い啶�啷� 啷�
啶︵ぞ啶�啶�啷囙う啷� 啶оえ啶苦�曕じ啷嵿く啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶� 啶︵ぃ啷嵿ぁ啶侧�囙ざ啶� 啶� 啶多�曕�嵿い啶苦い啶� 啷� 啷�啷� 啷�

arthe'pavyayam膩na峁� tu kara峁噀na 惫颈产丑腻惫颈迟补尘 |
d膩payed dhanikasy膩rtha峁� da峁囜笉ale艣a峁� ca 艣aktita岣� || 51 ||

The man who denies a debt shall be made to pay the creditor鈥檚 due, proved by evidence, as also a small fine, according to his means.鈥�(51)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁�ya):

Even in the presence of convincing proof, if the debtor does not himself admit the debt, then recourse should not be had to 鈥榯rick鈥� and the other means,鈥攖he King should be informed of it; and when summoned by the King, if the man 鈥�denies the debt,鈥欌�攕aying 鈥業 do not owe him anything鈥欌�攖hen, on its being 鈥�proved by evidence鈥欌�攊n the shape of written document, oral witnesses and possession,鈥攁nd the man being made to confess that he does owe the debt,鈥攈e shall make the debtor repay the 鈥�creditor鈥檚 due,鈥欌赌斺赌�as also a small fine,鈥� a small penalty, which shall, later on, he fixed at the tenth part of the claim.

If the man he unable to pay the whole fine, he may be made to pay a fine even less than the tenth part. Or, the favour of the fine being inflicted according to the man鈥檚 means,鈥攅ven less than the tenth part鈥攎ay be taken as pertaining to the case of the man who denies the debt (not through perversity, but) through having forgotten all about it, through carelessness.

鈥�Evidence,鈥� proof, is of three kinds; thus enumerated elsewhere鈥斺�業f one did not have a written deed executed, nor is there a witness, nor previous claiming, there the only means is the supernatural one (ordeal).鈥欌��(51)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

This verse is quoted in 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 (p. 76), which adds the following notes:鈥斺��膧辫补惫测补测补尘腻苍补尘鈥�, 鈥榙enying鈥�,鈥斺��碍补谤补峁噀苍补,鈥� 鈥榖y evidence, documentary and otherwise鈥�,鈥斺��惫颈产丑腻惫颈迟补尘鈥�, 鈥榝aced, convinced鈥�;鈥攕uch a debtor the king shall compel to pay the amount to the creditor;鈥攁nd by reason of the man having denied what was true, the king shall exact from him a slight fine also.

It is quoted in 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (Vyavah膩ra, p. 153), which adds that this rule is meant for the case where the debtor is a well behaved Br膩hma峁嘺;鈥攊n 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补迟补迟迟惫补 (p. 61);鈥攁nd in 碍峁泃测补办补濒辫补迟补谤耻 (p. 80b).

 

Comparative notes by various authors

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (6, 19-20).鈥斺�業f the debtor, forced to discharge the debt, complains to the King, he shall be fined in an equal sum. If a creditor sues before the King and fully proves his demand, the debtor shall pay to the King, as fine, the tenth part of the sum proved.鈥�

叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 (11.62).鈥斺�楢 debtor denying his liability shall be compelled to pay, on the debt being proved, in court, by a document or by witnesses.鈥�