Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 7.48
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶啶多啶ㄠ啶 啶膏ぞ啶灌じ啶� 啶︵啶班啶� 啶堗ぐ啷嵿し啷嵿く啶距そ啶膏啶ぞ啶洁ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶︵啶粪ぃ啶 啷�
啶掂ぞ啶椸啶︵ぃ啷嵿ぁ啶溹 啶� 啶ぞ啶班啶粪啶 啶曕啶班啶о啷嬥そ啶た 啶椸ぃ啷嬥そ啶粪啶熰啶� 啷� 啷ギ 啷�辫补颈艣耻苍测补峁� 蝉腻丑补蝉补峁� droha 墨谤峁腻's奴y膩'rthad奴峁峁嘺m |
v膩gda峁囜笉aja峁� ca p膩ru峁a峁� krodhajo'pi ga峁噊'峁ａ弓aka岣� || 48 ||Tale-bearing, Treachery, Envy, Slandering, Misappropriation of property, Cruelty of speech and of Assault;鈥攖hese constitute the eightfold set born of Anger.鈥�(48).
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁a):
鈥�Tale-bearing鈥欌�攖he disclosing of such secrets as are to be kept from monitors and other official relatives.
鈥�Violence鈥欌�攖he employing of superior men in derogatory acts; or hand-cutting or imprisoning men for slight offences.
鈥�Treachery鈥欌�攌illing secretly.
鈥�Envy鈥欌�攄esire to strike or even take away the life.
鈥�Slandering鈥欌�攏ot brooking the good qualities of men, and exposing their weak points.
鈥�Misappropriation of property鈥�.鈥攏ot giving;鈥攊n fact taking away what belongs to others; also the depriving from public use of what is public property.
鈥�Cruelty of speech and assault鈥欌�攁re well known.
鈥�Anger鈥欌�攈ate. Those mentioned partake of the nature of Hate.鈥�(48).
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
This verse is quoted in 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (膧c膩ra, p. 413);鈥攊n 惭颈迟腻办峁谤腻 (on 1.308);鈥攊n 厂尘峁泃颈迟补迟迟惫补 (p. 717), which explains 鈥�辫补颈艣耻苍测补鈥� as 鈥榩roclaiming the unknown faults of others, malice,鈥欌�斺��蝉腻丑补蝉补鈥� as 鈥榩unishing the guiltless with imprisonment and so forth,鈥欌�斺��droha鈥� as 鈥榙esire to injure others,鈥� 鈥�墨谤峁腻鈥� as 鈥榥ot brooking the good of others,鈥欌�斺��补蝉奴测腻鈥� as 鈥榝inding fault with the good quality in others,鈥欌�攁nd 鈥�补谤迟丑补诲奴峁峁嘺尘鈥� as 鈥榮eizing of property and witholding of what is due鈥�;鈥攁gain on p. 742, where the same explanations are repeated.
It is quoted in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (R膩jan墨ti, p. 148), which notes that the number 鈥榚ight鈥� is made up by 鈥�惫腻办辫腻谤耻峁补尘鈥� and 鈥�da峁囜笉ajam p膩ru峁am and goes on to explain 鈥�辫补颈艣耻苍测补m鈥� as 鈥榤alice, proclaiming such faults of others as are not generally known,鈥欌�斺��蝉腻丑补蝉补鈥� as 鈥榩unishing of the innocent with imprisonment and so forth,鈥欌�斺��droha鈥� as 鈥榠njuring the Br膩hma峁嘺,鈥欌�斺��墨谤峁腻鈥� as 鈥榥ot bearing the good of others,鈥欌�斺��补蝉奴测腻鈥� as 鈥榩icking faults in the good qualities of others,鈥欌�斺��补谤迟丑补诲奴峁峁嘺鈥� as 鈥榮eizing the property of others and witholding what is due to others,鈥欌�斺��惫腻办辫腻谤耻峁补鈥� as 鈥榬eviling and so forth,鈥欌�攁nd 鈥�诲补峁囜笉补辫腻谤耻峁补鈥� as 鈥榟arshness of punishment, i.e., the imposing of heavy fines or corporal punishment, for slight offences.鈥�
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 7.45-53)
See Comparative notes for Verse 7.45.