Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 4.150
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶膏ぞ啶掂た啶む啶班ぞ啶ㄠ 啶多ぞ啶ㄠ啶むた啶灌啶ぞ啶傕ざ啷嵿 啶曕啶班啶ぞ啶む 啶ぐ啷嵿さ啶膏 啶ㄠた啶む啶ざ啶� 啷�
啶た啶む啶傕ざ啷嵿啷堗さ啶距し啷嵿啶曕ぞ啶膏啶掂ぐ啷嵿啷囙え啷嵿え啶苦い啷嵿く啶え啷嵿さ啶粪啶熰啶距じ啷� 啶� 啷� 啷оカ啷� 啷�s膩vitr膩n 艣膩ntihom膩峁兣沜a kury膩t parvasu nitya艣a岣� |
pit峁濁箖艣caiv膩峁ａ弓ak膩svarcennityamanv补峁ａ弓补办腻蝉u ca || 150 ||On special days, he shall always offer the oblations to Savit峁�, and also the Pacificatory Oblations; on the 鈥淎峁akas鈥� and on the 鈥淎nva峁ａ弓akas鈥� he shall always worship the Pit峁泂.鈥欌��(150)
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁补):
The exact forms of the afore-mentioned oblations are now described.
鈥�Oblations to Savit峁�.鈥欌�擳hose that are offered to Savit峁� as the deity.
鈥�Special days;鈥欌赌�i.e., on the Moonless and the Full Moon Days鈥攖he said oblations are to be offered.
鈥�Pacificatory oblations鈥攖he oblations that are offered for the purpose of averting evil.
At all these oblations, Clarified Butter is to be the substance offered; for, in regard to all oblations, it has been declared that, where no substance is specified, Clarified Butter is to be used, by such passages as鈥斺�榳hat is called Clarified Butter is used at all sacrifices.鈥�
The Locative ending in 鈥�parvasu鈥� (鈥榦n special days鈥�) has the force of the Accusative; as the receptacle (which is what is denoted by the Locative) of the oblation is Fire, which is never the object; the objects offered being mentioned as鈥斺�榝ried grain,鈥� 鈥榖utter,鈥� 鈥榤eat,鈥� 鈥榤ixed Hour,鈥� 鈥榗urd,鈥� 鈥榤ilk鈥� and 鈥榞rains.鈥�
These oblations are mentioned here for the first time, and the exact procedure of these has been described before, as learnt from usage.
鈥�础峁ａ弓补办腻.鈥欌�擳he three eighth days of the three dark fort nights following after the Full Moon Day of the month of 鈥�膧驳谤补丑腻测补峁嘺;鈥� according to some, it stands for the four eighth days of the four dark fortnights during the Hemanta and 艢i艣ira seasons.鈥擮n these days, 鈥�he shall worship the 辫颈迟峁泂鈥欌�斺�榖y means of 艣谤补岣峝丑补; the J;erm 鈥�辫颈迟峁�,鈥� standing for one鈥檚 dead ancestors鈥斺��础苍惫补峁ａ弓补办腻鈥� is the name of the ninth days following the aforesaid 鈥�补峁ａ弓补办腻蝉.鈥欌赌�(150).
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
This verse is quoted in Apar 膩 rka (p. 229), where it is explained to mean that 鈥榦ne should offer on the fifteenth day of every fortnight the 膧箩测补-丑辞尘补蝉 to Savit峁�, which alleviate the evil effects of sins;鈥攁nd in 贬别尘腻诲谤颈 (K膩la, p. 682), which explains 鈥�Savitrai鈥� as 鈥榯hose dedicated to the deity Savit峁�.鈥�
Comparative notes by various authors
痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (71.86).鈥斺�極n the Parva days one shall offer the propitiatory oblations.鈥�
痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (76.1-2).鈥斺�楾he moonless day, the three 础峁ａ弓补办腻s, the three 础苍惫补峁ａ弓补办腻s, the full moon day of M膩gha, the thirteenth day after the full moon day of Bh膩dra, and also the ripening of the Vr墨hi and the Yava;鈥攖hese are the compulsory occasions for 艢r膩ddha鈥攕ays 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈. If one does not offer 艢r膩ddha on these occasions, he falls into hell.鈥�
驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (1.217).鈥斺�楾he moonless day, the 础峁ａ弓补办腻s, the V峁沝dhi, the darker fortnight, the two solstices, materials, excellent Br膩hma峁嘺s, and the Vi峁vat Sa峁卥r膩nti.鈥�
笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈 (30).鈥斺�極n all the 础峁ａ弓补办腻s, and all the 础苍惫补峁ａ弓补办腻s, one should offer balls of food, which is conducive to endless satisfaction.鈥�