Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 4.79
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶� 啶膏啶掂じ啷囙啷嵿 啶い啶苦い啷堗ぐ啷嵿え 啶氞ぞ啶｀啶∴ぞ啶侧啶班啶� 啶啶侧啶曕じ啷堗 啷�
啶� 啶啶班啶栢啶班啶ㄠぞ啶掂げ啶苦お啷嵿い啷堗ざ啷嵿 啶ㄠぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶啶班啶ㄠぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶ぞ啶掂じ啶距く啶苦き啶苦 啷� 啷ク 啷�na sa峁僾asecca patitairna c膩峁囜笉膩lairna pulkasai岣� |
na m奴rkhairn膩valiptai艣ca n膩ntyairn膩nty膩vas膩yibhi岣� || 79 ||He shall not associate with outcasts, nor with C膩峁囜笉膩las, nor with Pulkasas; nor with the illiterate; nor with the haughty; nor with Antyas; nor with 础苍迟测腻惫补蝉腻测颈苍蝉.鈥�(79)
Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁补):
鈥淲hat is here said has already been declared above鈥�(a) that 鈥榟e shall not live at a place surrounded by men...... nor in that which is haunted by men of the lowest castes鈥� (4. 6).鈥�
Not so, we reply. What has been forbidden there, is the inhabiting of such places; while what is forbidden here is associating. What was said there was that 鈥榦ne shall not set up as a householder in a village inhabited by such people;鈥� while the present verse forbids associating with them; this 鈥榓ssociating鈥� consisting of the setting up of friendly relations by accepting their gifts, living near their house, sitting with them under the shade of the same tree, and so forth. Further, the former text speaks of the village as being 鈥榮urrounded,鈥� which implies that the said people live there in large numbers; so that, what it means is that 鈥榦ne should not live even near a village where the said people live in large numbers.鈥� In the present verse, however, what is forbidden is living near a village, where even a few of these people live. Herein lies the difference between the two passages.
鈥�Pulkasas鈥� are Ni峁Ｄ乨as, born of 艢奴dra mothers.
鈥�Antyas,鈥� i.e.鈥攖丑别 Medas and other Mleccchas.
鈥�础苍迟测腻惫补蝉腻测颈苍蝉鈥欌�攊s born from a Ni峁Ｄ乨a mother and C膩峁囜笉膩la father; as will be described later on (10.39).
鈥�Haughty鈥欌�攐verbearing in vanity due to wealth and such other causes.鈥�(79)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
鈥�Pukkasa... 础苍迟测腻惫补蝉腻测颈苍鈥欌�擠efined under 10鈥�12, 39, 49.
This verse is quoted in 狈峁泂颈峁僪补辫谤补蝉腻诲补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 71b).
Comparative notes by various authors
膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补 (1.21, 5-6).鈥斺�楾here is to be no concern with outcasts,鈥攏or with 补辫补辫腻迟谤补蝉.鈥�
叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (2.42).鈥斺�楾here is to be no concern with outcasts.鈥�
叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (3.42).鈥斺�楴or with outcasts, nor with woman, nor with a 艢奴dra.鈥�
叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (2.62).鈥斺�極ne falls by associating with outcasts for one year, through sacrifice or teaching or marriage,鈥攁lso through conveyances, seats or feeding.鈥�
Gautama (9.17).鈥斺�楬e shall not converse with Mlecchas, or with unclean or unrighteous persons.鈥�
Devala (55, 58, 75).鈥斺�楬e who has lived with Mlecchas, for a period extending from five to twenty years鈥攆or him the expiation has been prescribed to be two 肠腻苍诲谤腻测补峁嘺蝉.鈥擨f in an assembly, one comes into contact with a Mleccha, he shall bathe with his clothes on and go without food for one day. If a Br膩hma峁嘺 has lived in the dwelling of a Mleccha for one, two, three or four years (he shall perform an expiatory rite).鈥�