Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with 鈥楧harma鈥�, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 2.201
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
啶ぐ啷�啶掂ぞ啶︵ぞ啶む 啶栢ぐ啷� 啶さ啶むた 啶多啶掂ぞ 啶掂 啶さ啶むた 啶ㄠた啶ㄠ啶︵啶� 啷�
啶ぐ啶苦き啷嬥啷嵿い啶� 啶曕啶た啶班啶さ啶むた 啶曕啶熰 啶さ啶むた 啶い啷嵿じ啶班 啷� 啷ㄠウ啷� 啷�辫补谤墨惫腻诲腻迟 kharo bhavati 艣v膩 vai bhavati nindaka岣� |
辫补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻 k峁沵irbhavati k墨峁璷 bhavati matsar墨 || 201 ||Through censure one becomes an ass, and the defamer becomes a dog; he who lives on him becomes a worm, and he who is jealous becomes an insect.鈥�(201)
惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁补):
This is a statement commendatory of what has been enjoined in the foregoing verses. Hence it has to be explained as follows:鈥�
鈥�Through cenmre鈥�;鈥�i.e., by listening to the censuring of his Teacher鈥斺��one becomes an ass鈥�; the ablative being taken either as denoting cause, or as having the force of the participle; 辫补谤墨惫腻诲腻迟 being construed as 鈥�par墨v膩dam 艣rutv膩,鈥� 鈥榟aving listened to censuring.鈥�
鈥�Defamer,鈥欌�攖he person listening to defamation is figuratively called 鈥榙efamer just as one preparing meat has been called the 鈥楰iller鈥� of the animal. As for the act of defaming itself, the prohibition of this becomes naturally implied by the prohibition of hearing it.
鈥�One who lives upon鈥�;鈥攈e who supports himself on what he receives from his Teacher; or one who behaves ill-mannerly towards him.
鈥�One who is jealous鈥�;鈥攚ho does not brook the rise and advancement of his Teacher and burns within (at its sight).
The two latter have not been spoken of before this; hence what is said in regard to these is to be regarded as direct injunction.
鈥�笔补谤墨惫腻诲补鈥� and 鈥�辫补谤颈惫腻诲补,鈥� both forms鈥攚ith long as well as with the short 墨鈥攁re correct, according to P膩峁噄ni, 6.3.122.鈥�(201)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
鈥�笔补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻鈥欌�斺�楬e who lives upon the Teacher鈥� (惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈);鈥斺�榟e who eats, without the Teacher鈥檚 permission, the best food obtained by begging鈥� (N膩r膩ya峁嘺 and Nandana).
The verse is quoted in 惭补诲补苍补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 (p. 107) where 鈥�辫补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻鈥� is explained as 鈥榦ne who makes use of the Teacher鈥檚 wealth, without his permission鈥�;鈥攁lso in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 491), which also explains 鈥�辫补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻鈥� as 鈥榦ne who lives upon the Teacher鈥檚 property, without his permission.鈥�
惭别诲丑腻迟颈迟丑颈 (P. 169,1. 16)鈥斺��厂补尘蝉办补谤迟腻...驳丑腻迟补办补岣�鈥欌�擳his is a clear reference to Manu 5.51鈥�
anumant膩 vi艣asit膩 nihant膩 krayavikray墨 |
sa峁僺kart膩 copahart膩 ca kh膩daka艣ceti gh膩tak膩岣� ||
This verse is quoted in 厂补峁僺办腻谤补尘补测奴办丑补 (p. 42), which explains 鈥�辫补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻鈥� as one who eats food without presenting it to the Teacher;鈥攁nd in 厂尘峁泃颈肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 120) as forbidding the decrying of the Teacher by the Pupil himself; it explains 鈥�辫补谤颈产丑辞办迟腻鈥� as 鈥榦ne who makes use of the Teacher鈥檚 property without his permission.鈥�
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 200-201)
See Comparative notes for Verse 2.200.