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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶呧�椸�嵿え啷�啶ㄠ�嵿ぇ啶ㄠ�� 啶�啷堗�曕�嵿し啶氞ぐ啷嵿く啶距ぎ啶о�冟ざ啶�啷嵿く啶距�� 啶椸�佮ぐ啷嬥ぐ啷嵿す啶苦い啶�啷� 啷�
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agn墨ndhana峁� bhaik峁�acary膩madha岣ヅ沘yy膩峁� gurorhitam |
膩 sam膩vartan膩t kury膩t k峁泃opanayano dvija岣� || 108 ||

The twice-born person, whose Initiation has been performed, should continue to do, till the final Bath of 鈥淩eturn鈥� (Sam膩vartana), tub kindling of fire, the begging of food, the sleeping on the ground and the acting for the teacher鈥檚 well- being.鈥�(108)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补):

鈥�The kindling of fire鈥欌赌�i.e., setting the fire aflame every morning and evening by supplying fuel to it.

鈥�Sleeping on the ground鈥�;鈥�i.e., not ascending a bedstead, not actually sleeping on the hare ground.

鈥�Teacher鈥檚 well-being,鈥欌赌�i.e., service consisting of the fetching of water in jars and such other work. As for the doing of things beneficial to him, this is to be done throughout life.

All this should be done till that Final Bath, which consists in returning from the Teacher鈥檚 house, and which constitutes the end of Religious Studentship; for the simple reason that all this is included in the Injunction of 鈥榁edic Study.鈥� As a matter of fact, the life of the 鈥榮tudent鈥� and its appurtenant details have to continue till the Veda is completely got up; so that as soon as this getting up is done, the discontinuance of the details follows as a matter of course.

The reiteration of the 鈥榢indling of fire鈥� and other duties in the present verse is meant to indicate that the duties other than those鈥攚hich have been previously prescribed for students鈥攁re incumbent upon persons in the succeeding stages of life also (and are not confined to the 鈥榮tudent鈥� only). As says Gautama (3.9),鈥斺�楢ll this is not incompatible with the succeeding stages of life.鈥�

鈥淏ut why cannot we have this that the duties specified in the present verse are to continue during the whole studentship stage, while others might be discontinued even beforehand?鈥�

The opinion of other 厂尘峁泃颈蝉 on this point has been already shown to be that all rules are laid down in connection with their principal time; (and this time in the present case being the entire studentship-stage) if the course just suggested were adopted (and some of the present duties were dropped before the end of that stage), we would be needlessly going against this principle.

In place of the expression 鈥�gurorhitam鈥� the right form would have been 鈥�gurave hitam鈥� in the Dative, accordingly to P膩峁噄ni 2.1.36, which lays down the use of the Dative in connection with the term 鈥�hita.鈥欌赌�(108)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

鈥�膧蝉补尘腻惫补谤迟补苍腻迟 鈥欌赌擲ee 3. 3-4.

This verse, is quoted in 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (膧c膩ra. p. 455), as laying down the duties of the Student;鈥攊n 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 489) as laying down the 鈥� miscellaneous duties 鈥� of the Student;鈥攁nd in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 76), as laying down the time-limit up to which the fire-tending and other functions have to be kept up.

鈥�Acting for the teacher鈥檚 well-being.鈥� The details of this have been described by 贬腻谤墨迟补, quoted in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 490)鈥斺�楤y fetching of water, Ku艣a-grass, flowers, fuel, roots, fruits, sweeping and washing of the house, bodily service and so forth,鈥攈e should devotedly attend upon the Teacher, whose cast off clothes, bed and seat he should never step over.鈥�

This verse is quoted in 狈峁泂颈峁僪补辫谤补蝉腻诲补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 46a);鈥攁nd in 厂尘峁泃颈肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 118), which adds that those mentioned here indicate the other duties also.

 

Comparative notes by various authors

叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (2. 1. 20-21, 43).鈥斺�楨very day he should fetch fuel from the forest and lay it;鈥攈e should rise before the Teacher and sleep after him;鈥攄uring the course of his study, he should attend upon the Teacher and follow him.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (1. 1. 2. 15).鈥斺�楬e should never bear malice towards the Teacher.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (1. 1. 2. 11).鈥斺�楢fter initiation the boy should live with the Teacher as a religious student.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (1.3.2. 20-21).鈥斺�楢lways doing good to the teacher, never crossing him in his words; sleeping on a lower bed.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (1. 1. 4. 13, 14, 16).鈥斺�楳orning and evening he should fetch a jar of water;鈥攁lways he should fetch fuel from the forest and lay it down;鈥攈aving kindled the fire and cleaned the place, he should lay fuel upon it, both morning and evening, in accordance with instructions.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补 (1.1. 3. 25).鈥斺�楳orning and evening he should beg for food from people other than those that are wicked or accused of evil deeds; and after having presented to the teacher all that he obtains, he should live upon what the Teacher gives him.鈥�

痴补艣颈峁ａ弓丑补-厂尘峁泃颈 (1. 3, 4, 5, 10, 11).鈥斺�楾he Religious Student shall serve the Teacher till 峁環e death of his body;鈥攈e shall keep his speech under control and having begged food, he shall take it either during the fourth or the sixth or the eighth part of the day;鈥攈e shall come to read when called;鈥攚hatever food he obtains by begging, he shall present to the Teacher, and shall eat only with his permission;鈥攄uring the day, he shall avoid sleeping on the bedstead, washing the teeth, applying of collyrium to the eyes, oiling of the body, wearing of shoes and carrying of the umbrella;鈥攈e shall rest during the night.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻-厂尘峁泃颈 (27. 4, 7, 9, 12).鈥斺�楤oth times he shall bathe and tend the fire;鈥攈e shall do what is good for and agreeable to the Teacher;鈥攈e shall beg alms from respectable families, but not from his Teacher鈥檚 family;鈥攈e shall sleep on the ground.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补-厂尘峁泃颈 (1.25,27, 28).鈥斺�楤oth morning and evening he shall attend upon the fire;鈥攈e shall always do, with his mind, speech and body what is good for his teacher; for his livelihood, he shall beg food from respectable Br膩hma峁嘺s.鈥�

叠谤补丑尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 (痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补-Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 489).鈥斺�楾he Religious Student shall always wear the girdle, the skin, the staff, the Upav墨ta, the loin-slip and the waist-band.鈥�

Yama (Do. and 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补, p. 455).鈥斺�楲iving on food received in alms, he shall live with the Teacher, and keep the staff, the water-pot, the ku艣a-bundle, mu帽ja-girdle, and the vow of celibacy. The Religious Student shall always carry the girdle, the skin, the staff, the sacred thread, the loin-slip, and the thread round the loins.鈥�

痴测腻蝉补 (Do.).鈥斺�楽leeping after the Teacher and rising before him, living in the teacher鈥檚 house, he shall do all that should be done by the pupil and the servant; he shall always stay by his side, his constant attendant; he shall not eat until the Teacher has eaten; nor shall he drink water until the Teacher has drunk it; he shall not sit while the Teacher is standing, nor sleep while he is sitting.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (Do. 490).鈥斺�楬e shall attend upon the Teacher, for purposes of Vedic study; he shall read when he is called upon to do so: whatever he obtains in alms he shall present to the Teacher.鈥�

贬腻谤墨迟补 (Do.).鈥斺�楬e shall serve the Teacher by fetching water, gathering Ku艣a, flowers, fuel, roots and fruits, sweeping, washing, bodily service; he shall attend upon him while he is walking, sitting or sleeping; he shall never sleep over what has been worn by him, or over his bed and seat or wear his sandals or step over his shadow.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补 (Do.).鈥斺�楬e should be entirely subservient to the Teacher,鈥攅xcept as regards the degrading crimes.鈥�

Yama (Do.).鈥斺�楽ubservient to the Teacher, not independent, living in the Teacher鈥檚 house, he shall rise before him and sleep after him; he shall keep his sleep and food under control, suppressing indolence and anger, fully self-controlled, ever attentive, free from egotism and devoted to the service of the Teacher.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (Do., p. 491).鈥斺�楬e shall never sit on the same seat with his Teacher, except upon rafts and boats.鈥�

Sumantu (笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补, p. 455).鈥斺�楥elibacy, austerity, alms-begging, fire-tending during the twilights, Vedic study, service of the Teacher, these the Religious Student shall observe.鈥�