Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation)
by Swami Lokeswarananda | 165,421 words | ISBN-10: 8185843910 | ISBN-13: 9788185843919
This is the English translation of the Chandogya-upanishad, including a commentary based on Swami Lokeswarananda鈥檚 weekly discourses; incorporating extracts from Shankara鈥檚 bhasya. The Chandogya Upanishad is a major Hindu philosophical text incorporated in the Sama Veda, and dealing with meditation and Brahman. This edition includes the Sanskrit t...
Verse 4.10.5
啶� 啶灌啶掂ぞ啶� 啶掂た啶溹ぞ啶ㄠぞ啶啶す啶� 啶い啷嵿お啷嵿ぐ啶距ぃ啷� 啶啶班す啷嵿ぎ 啶曕 啶� 啶む 啶栢 啶� 啶� 啶掂た啶溹ぞ啶ㄠぞ啶啶むた 啶む 啶灌啶氞啶班啶う啷嵿さ啶距さ 啶曕 啶むう啷囙さ 啶栢 啶う啷囙さ 啶栢 啶むう啷囙さ 啶曕ぎ啶苦い啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ 啶� 啶灌ぞ啶膏啶 啶むう啶距啶距ざ啶� 啶氞啶氞啶� 啷� 啷�.啷оウ.啷� 啷�
啷� 啶囙い啶� 啶︵ざ啶 啶栢ぃ啷嵿ぁ啶� 啷�sa hov膩ca vij膩n膩myaha峁� yatpr膩峁噊 brahma ka峁� ca tu kha峁� ca na vij膩n膩m墨ti te hocuryadv膩va ka峁� tadeva kha峁� yadeva kha峁� tadeva kamiti 辫谤腻峁嘺峁� ca h膩smai tad腻办腻艣补峁� cocu岣� || 4.10.5 ||
|| iti da艣ama岣� 办丑补峁囜笉补岣� ||5. Upakosala said: 鈥業 know that 辫谤腻峁嘺 is Brahman. But that ka and kha are Brahman I do not know.鈥� The fires replied, 鈥楾hat which is ka is also kha, and that which is kha is also ka.鈥� Then the fires taught him that Brahman was both 辫谤腻峁嘺 and 腻办腻艣补 [space].
Word-for-word explanation:
Sa岣� ha uv膩ca, he [Upakosala] said; vij膩n膩mi aham yat 辫谤腻峁嘺 brahma, I know that 辫谤腻峁嘺 is Brahman; kam ca tu kham ca na vij膩n膩mi iti, but I don鈥檛 know that 鈥榢a鈥� and 鈥榢ha鈥� are Brahman; te ha uca岣�, they [the fires] said; yat v膩va kam tat eva kham, that which is 鈥榢a鈥� is also 鈥榢ha鈥�; yat eva kham tat eva kam iti, that which is 鈥榢ha鈥� is also 鈥榢a鈥�; 辫谤腻峁嘺m ca ha asmai tat 腻办腻艣补m ca uca岣�, then they taught him about 辫谤腻峁嘺 and 腻办腻艣补 [space]. Iti da艣ama岣� 办丑补峁囜笉补岣�, here ends the tenth section.
Commentary:
Upakosala had no difficulty accepting that 辫谤腻峁嘺 was Brahman, for 辫谤腻峁嘺 is the vital breath and Without the vital breath, life is impossible. In view of its importance it may be conceded that 辫谤腻峁嘺 is Brahman. But how can ka and kha be Brahman?
Upakosala thought to himself: 鈥�Ka is happiness, but what kind of happiness? It is happiness born of sense experience. It is therefore transitory. It cannot be the same as Brahman. Similarly, kha is also transitory, for it means 腻办腻艣补, space. 膧k膩艣a is material and therefore transitory.鈥�
The fires then said that ka and kha are used as both nouns and adjectives, and sometimes they qualify each other. Kha as an adjective may qualify ka when ka stands for Brahman. What does ka mean here? Here it means Brahman without any attributes. Similarly, when we say kha, we mean 腻办腻艣补. When we say ka is kha, we mean 鈥榩leasure鈥� is 腻办腻艣补. But this is not the material 腻办腻艣补. Here it means the 腻办腻艣补, space, inside the heart. The idea is that Brahman and joy (ka) are both in the space inside the heart (办丑腻).