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[Figure 3.15]—Pha dam pa (left) and his disciple Kun dga� (1062-1124) from a 13th century manuscript produced in Grwa nang, National Archives in Kathmandu. Image from Martin 2006.

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These plates originate from the study “On the use of Human remains in Tibetan ritual objects� by Ayesha Fuentes. This dissertation examines the cultural history and material applications of human remains in Tibetan rituals, utilizing conservation, technical art history, and anthropology. It focuses on skulls, bone ornaments, and the rkang gling trumpet, investigating their use in Buddhist tantra and contemporary practices, while establishing a framework for understanding their evolving significance.