Namaskara, : 20 definitions
Introduction:
Namaskara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Namaskar.
Images (photo gallery)
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation(नमस्का�, “obeisance�) refers to “offering obeisance� and represents one of the sixteen ܱ貹, or “sixteen types of homage and services�, as described while explaining the mode of worshipping the phallic form (ṅg) of Śiva in the Śivapurāṇa 1.11. Accordingly, “[...] the devotee shall worship the mobile emblem with the sixteen types of homage and services (ܱ貹) as prescribed. It accords the region of Śiva gradually. The sixteen types of service are [for example, offering obeisance (Բ)] [...] Or he shall perform all the sixteen rites in the phallic emblem of human, saintly or godly origin, or in one naturally risen up (ⲹū) or in one of very extraordinary nature installed duly�.

The Purana (पुरा�, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram(नमस्का�) refers to “salutations�, according to the Kularatnoddyota verse 2.21-27.—Accordingly, “[...] He worshipped the Great Transmission with hymns and excellent divine lauds, by exhibiting the Great Gestures and with salutations (Բ) and the waving of lamps along with divine words of praise and rites of adoration centered on the maṇḍala and the Krama. Taking up then the energizing (substances), O fair one, he who does all things, was conjoined with the goddess. O Supreme mistress, praised by the heroes, the Lord of the heroes and the universal Self took up the vessel with the meat and put it in (his) mouth along with the sacrificial pap. [...]�.

Shakta (शाक्�, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - (Ganesha)(नमस्का�) refers to “prostrations� (during the worship of Gaṇeśa), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.18 (“Gaṇeśa crowned as the chief of Gaṇas�).—Accordingly, as Śiva said to Gaṇeśa: “[...] After prostrations (Բ), various routines shall be carried on. He who performs Vratas like this can secure the desired fruits. O Gaṇeśa, he who performs your worship upto his ability, with faith, shall derive the fruit of all desires. The devotee shall worship you, the lord of Gaṇas with vermillion, sandal paste, raw rice grains and Ketaka flowers as well as with other services. [...]�.
Ganapatya (गाणपत्�, ṇa貹ٲⲹ) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Ganesha is revered and worshipped as the prime deity (ishta-devata). Being a minor though influential movement, Ganapatya evovled, llike Shaktism and Shaivism, as a separate movement leaving behind a large body of literature.
General definition (in Hinduism)
: ACHC: Smarta Puja(नमस्का�) refers to “offering prostration�, representing one of the various services (ܱ貹) of a ū (ritualistic worship of a deity) which aim at the purification of the devotee.—The worshipper makes one or several prostrations (Բ) with (five, six or) eight limbs (cf. illustration), prostrates himself “like a stick� (岹ṇḍ) on the ground or simply greets by joining both hands, a symbol of supplication. Salutation to one’s superior or to elders is believed to increase knowledge, span of life, fame and strength. The verse �namo ‘stu ... � which is recited here is also found as the concluding verse of the Viṣṇusahasranāma in certain South Indian editions.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryḥk (नमःकार).—m Pronouncing the word Բ� as at the time of casting the offering into the fire. Ex. Բ� kārēṃsī� avadāna || mantrōccārē� ṭākīta ||.
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English DictionaryԲ (नमस्का�).—m (S) Բ f S Worship, obeisance, reverential or respectful address or salutation. It is performed by joining the palms, inclining the head, and pronouncing the word Բ. v kara, ghāla.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-EnglishԲ (नमस्का�).�m Բ f Worship, obeisance.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryḥk (नमःकार).�f.
Derivable forms: Բḥḥ (नमःकार�).
ḥk is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms namas and (का�). See also (synonyms): Բḥkṛti.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryNamaskara (नमस्कर).�nt., = ° (masc.), homage-paying: nidāna-namaskarāṇi samāptāni Ѳ屹ٳ i.2.12 (colophon).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary(नमस्का�).—m.
(-�) 1. Respectful or reverential address or salutation. 2. A sort of poison. f. (-ī) A sensitive plant. E. namas bowing, and making, fem. affix aca0 gaurā0 ṅīṣ; or namas + k� + ghañ .
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary(नमस्का�).—[namas-], m. and nama- skriyā Բ-, f. Adoration, [Nala] 5, 16; Mahābhārata 15, 954.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary(नमस्का�).—[masculine] exclamation of namas, worship, adoration.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) ḥk (नमःकार):—[=namas-] [from namas > nam] m. the exclamation ‘namas�, adoration, homage, [Atharva-veda; Brāhmaṇa] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] a sort of poison, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary(नमस्का�):—[nama-s] (�) 1. m. Respectful or reverential address. a. Sort of poison. f. (ī) Sensitive plant.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)(नमस्का�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Ṇok.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary(नमस्का�) [Also spelled namaskar]:�(nm) salutation, a term of greeting; adieu !, so long; —[첹] to salute, to greet; to say good bye; •[, dūra se] keep away, not to have anything to do with.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus(ನಮಸ್ಕಾ�):�
1) [noun] a gesture of worship, obeisance, greeting, respect, etc. made by bending one’s head, prostrating oneself or joining both the palms with fingers, being closer to each other, pointing upward and thumb being closer to the breast.
2) [noun] a term used while greeting another respectfully.
3) [noun] the invocation, calling on a god, preceptor, saint, etc. by a poet, for blessing, inspiration, etc. at the beginning of a literary work.
4) [noun] ನಮಸ್ಕಾ� ಮಾಡು [namaskara madu] Բ māḍu = ನಮಸ್ಕರಿಸ� [namaskarisu]; ನಮಸ್ಕಾ� ಹಾಕು [namaskara haku] Բ hāku = ನಮಸ್ಕರಿಸ� [namaskarisu]; 2. to bid good-bye, farewell, adieu; 3. to abandon (a job, learning, etc.); ನಮಸ್ಕಾ� ಹೊಡೆ [namaskara hode] Բ hoḍe = ನಮಸ್ಕಾ� ಹಾಕು [namaskara haku].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary(नमस्का�):—n. I bow to you'; the greeting which acknowledges the atman in another person; a term of greeting usually accompanied with folded palms;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Namaskaram, Namaskaramantapam, Namaskaramgey, Namaskaramudra, Namaskaramudre, Namaskarana, Namaskaranamgey, Namaskaranem, Namaskarapakutam, Namaskarasahita, Namaskarastava, Namaskaravant, Namaskaravidhi, Namaskaray.
Full-text (+80): Nirnamaskara, Pratinamaskara, Suryanamaskara, Cashtankanamaskaram, Namahkaravat, Namahkaravidhi, Namahkarastava, Namaskaram, Namaskarapakutam, Nirnamonamaskara, Damdanamaskara, Namaskriti, Attankanamaskaram, Namaskaramantapam, Tirayankanamaskaram, Curiyanamaskaram, Suryanamaskaram, Ashtankanamaskaram, Namarkaram, Ekankanamaskaram.
Relevant text
Search found 82 books and stories containing Namaskara, Namahkara, , ḥk, Namas-, Namas-kara; (plurals include: Namaskaras, Namahkaras, s, ḥks, s, karas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 3.8.152 < [Chapter 8 - Mahāprabhu’s Water Sports in Narendra- sarovara]
Verse 2.7.50 < [Chapter 7 - The Meeting of Gadādhara and Puṇḍaīka]
Verse 1.15.173 < [Chapter 15 - Marriage with Śī Viṣṇupriyā]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Effect of suryanamaskar on human body andamp; mind < [2023: Volume 12, November special issue 20]
Utility of chandra namaskara in daily life < [2015: Volume 4, March issue 3]
Effect of suryanamaskara in sthaulya (obesity) - a review < [2020: Volume 9, June issue 6]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 12: Story of the two bulls < [Chapter III - Mahāvīra’s first six years as an ascetic]
Part 7: The two physicians < [Chapter X - The recovery of draupadī]
Part 3: Incarnation of Sanatkumāra as Śakra < [Chapter VII - Sanatkumāracakricaritra]
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 125 - The Greatness of Ravitīrtha (ravi-tīrtha) < [Section 3 - Revā-khaṇḍa]
Chapter 83 - Manifestation of Vīreśvara < [Section 2 - Uttarārdha]
Chapter 26 - Dialogue between King Cola and Viṣṇudāsa < [Section 4 - Kārttikamāsa-māhātmya]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
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