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Anitya: 28 definitions

Introduction:

Anitya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Anity.

In Hinduism

Samkhya (school of philosophy)

: Shodhganga: Prakrti and purusa in Samkhyakarika an analytical review

Anitya (अनित्य, “non-eternal�).—Generally, that which is not eternal is called anitya. Ordinarily anitya means ś. That which is able to be annihilated is called ś. So, ś means complete destruction, which brings in unending non-existence of the thing destroyed (󱹲ṃs屹).

Samkhya book cover
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Samkhya (सांख्य, Sāṃkhya) is a dualistic school of Hindu philosophy (astika) and is closeley related to the Yoga school. Samkhya philosophy accepts three pramanas (‘proofs�) only as valid means of gaining knowledge. Another important concept is their theory of evolution, revolving around prakriti (matter) and purusha (consciousness).

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Anitya (अनित्य).�(l) not nitya or obligatory optional; said of a rule or paribhāṣ� whose application is voluntary). Regarding the case and con= jugational affixes it can be said that those affixes can, in a way: be looked upon as nitya or obligatory, as they have to be affixed to a crude nominal base or a root; there being a dictum that no crude base without an affix can be used as also, no affix alone without a base can be used. On the other hand, the taddhita and kṛt affixes as also compounds are voluntary as, instead of them an independent word or a phrase can be used to convey the sense. For a list of such nitya affixes see M. Bh. on V. 4.7; (2) the word अनित्य (anitya) is also used in the sense of not-nitya, the word नित्� (nitya) being taken to mean कृताकृतप्रसङ्ग� (ṛtṛtṅg) occurring before as well as after another rule has been applied, the latter being looked upon as अनित्य (anitya) which does not do so. This 'nityatva' has got a number of exceptions and limitations which are mentioned in Paribhāṣās 43-49 in the Paribhāṣenduśekhara.

Vyakarana book cover
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Vyakarana (व्याकर�, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Vaisheshika (school of philosophy)

: Shodhganga: A study of Nyāya-vaiśeṣika categories (vaisesika)

Anitya (अनित्य, “non-eternal�) or Nityaguṇa refers to a classification of the twenty-four ṇa (qualities).—Guṇas are again divided into nitya (eternal) and anitya (non-eternal). The qualities of eternal substances are known as eternal qualities and the qualities of noneternal substances are known as non-eternal qualities. Eternal substances are the atoms of earth etc., ether, time, space, self and mind.

Vaisheshika book cover
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Vaisheshika (वैशेषि�, vaiśeṣika) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. Vaisheshika deals with subjects such as logic, epistemology, philosophy and expounds concepts similar to Buddhism in nature

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Ayurveda (science of life)

: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

Anitya (अनित्य):—Non eternal or Transient.

Ayurveda book cover
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Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Anitya (अनित्य) or Anityājñāna refers to “impermanent (ignorance)�, according to the Kularatnapañcakāvara verse 1.16-23ab.—Accordingly, “One who suffers knows (reality) in the midst of suffering because (of his) impermanent ignorance (Ծٲⲹ-ñԲ-屹ٲ). O fair lady, (the consequences of) Karma must be experienced due to the (power) of Karma and that is inevitable. Having understood this there is no attachment or (even) detachment in pleasure and pain. One who knows the condition of his own consciousness does not become subject to Karma. Nor should one take up any other means on the supreme plane that consists of (pure) consciousness. Thus, O goddess, this is said to be the supreme Kulakaula. [...]�.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्�, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Anitya (अनित्य) refers to “those who are non-eternal�, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.29 (“Śivā-Śiva dialogue�).—Accordingly, as Śiva said to Pārvatī: “O great Goddess, listen to my important statement. See that our marriage rites are performed in the proper manner without deficiency. O sweet-faced one, all the living beings Brahmā and others are non-eternal (anitya). O beautiful lady, know all these visible things to be perishable. Know that the single beings assumed manifold forms. The attributeless took over the attributes. That which is self-luminous had other lights imposed on it. [...]�.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुरा�, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Vedanta (school of philosophy)

: Wikisource: Ashtavakra Gita

Anitya (अनित्य) refers to the “impermanence� (of the universe), according to the Aṣṭāvakragī (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] All this is impermanent (anitya) and spoilt by the three sorts of pain [anitya� sarvameveda� patritayadūṣitam]. Recognising it to be insubstantial, comtemptible and only fit for rejection, one attains peace. When was that age or time of life when the dualism of extremes did not exist for men? Abandoning them, a person who is happy to take whatever comes attains perfection. [...]�.

Vedanta book cover
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Vedanta (वेदान्�, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

1) Anitya (अनित्य, “impermanence�) refers to one of the eight kinds of contemplations (Գܱ貹śⲹ) among the Buddha’s disciples, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramiśāstra (chapter XVI). Accordingly, “for them, everything is impermanent (anitya), suffering (ḥk), empty (śūԲⲹ), egoless (ٳ첹), like a sickness (roga), an ulcer (ṇḍ), like an arrow (śⲹ) stuck in one’s body, like an agony (agha)�.

2) Anitya (अनित्य) or Anityalokadhātu refers to the “impermanent world�, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramiśāstra chapter 44.—[Definition of sympathetic joy (Գܳǻ岹)]—“Someone is practicing the qualities [in question, viz., generosity, morality, etc.]; a spectator rejoices in it and congratulates him, saying: ‘That is good; in this impermanent world (Ծٲⲹ-ǰ첹ٳ) enveloped in the shadows of ignorance, you are strengthening the great mind [of bodhi] and you are planting this merit’�. [...] Such is the characteristic of sympathetic joy. Thus, just by a mind of sympathetic joy, the Bodhisattva surpasses the practitioners of the two Vehicles. What more could be said if he himself practices [the qualities in which he is rejoicing]?

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Anitya (अनित्य) refers to �(that which is) not eternal�, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] The Bodhisattva Gaganagañja then sustained the jewel-canopy of ten thousand yojanas high over the Lord’s lion throne in the sky, joined the palms of his hands, saluted, and praised the Lord with these suitable verses: ‘[...] (3) You never make though-constructions (nirvikalpa) connected to words or sentences. Having known the essential character of sentence cannot be grasped because it is like an echo, also having known [the essential character of] words and letters (ṣa) cannot be grasped because they are not eternal (anitya), O Friendly One, you promulgate the teachings of the Victorious One by great compassion. [...]�.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many ūٰ of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpārami ūٰ.

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Buddhist philosophy

: Google Books: The Treasury of Knowledge: Book six, parts one and two (philosophy)

Anitya (अनित्य) (Sanskrit; in Tibetan: mi rtag pa) refers to “impermanent objects�, representing one of the six types of “objects� (ṣaⲹ) (i.e., ‘that which is to be comprehended or known�).—Accordingly, “That which is to be understood through valid cognition is ‘the knowable�. The terms ‘object� (ṣaⲹ; yul), ‘knowable� (ñⲹ; shes bya), and ‘appraisable� (prameya; gzhal bya) are all essentially equivalent, but it is the defining characteristic of the ‘object� that it is to be comprehended or known, [...]. When objects (ṣaⲹ) are analyzed in terms of their essential nature, they may be: [i.e., “impermanent objects� (anitya; mi rtag pa) do not endure from the moment of their formation into a second moment;] [...]

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In Jainism

Jain philosophy

: archive.org: Anekanta Jaya Pataka of Haribhadra Suri

Anitya (अनित्य) refers to one of the twelve reflections (), as mentioned in the ԱԳٲᲹⲹ貹-첹ṇa, a Śvembara Jain philosophical work written by Haribhadra Sūri.—[Cf. Vol. II, P. 223, ll. 22-25]—Anitya-屹 refers to the reflection that—Everything is transitory. Various paraphernalia, relatives, physical strength, beauty etc. are all subject to change. Only the soul is eternal.

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General definition (in Jainism)

: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

1) Anitya (अनित्य) (Cf. Anitya) refers to “impermanence�, according to the Jain Yogaśāstra (vol. 2, p. 839).—Accordingly, “Equanimity is attained through the state of non-attachment. In order to attain that [state of non-attachment], one should cultivate the twelve themes of contemplation: on impermanence (Ծٲⲹ), helplessness, the cycle of transmigration, solitude, the distinction [of the Self and the body], the impurity [of the body], the influx of karmic matter, the stopping [of karmic influx], the elimination of karmic matter, the correctly expounded law, the universe, and the [difficulty of attaining] enlightenment�.

2) Anitya (अनित्य) (Prakrit: ṇi) also refers to �(reflection on) impermanence� and represents one of the four types of “virtuous meditation� (󲹰Բ), a classification of the “meditation� (Dhyāna), according to the Sthānāṅga Sūtra chapter 4.1.—The classification of meditation in the Sthānāṅga Sūtra comprises four kinds [e.g. “virtuous� (dhamma/dharma)]. [...] The four reflections that are prescribed for virtuous meditation are (󲹳ṇa), [e.g., reflection on impermanence (ṇi-/Ծٲⲹ-Գܱṣ�), ...].—Cf Aupapātika Sūtra and Bhagavatī (Bhagavaī), also known as the Vyākhyāprajñapti (Viyāhapannatti).

: academia.edu: Tessitori Collection I

Anitya (अनित्य) refers to �(reflection on the) transient� and represents one of the twelve Bhāvanās (topics for meditation), according to a manuscript [Bāra 屹] (dealing with the Ethics section of Jain Canonical literature) included in the collection of manuscripts at the ‘Vincenzo Joppi� library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.—There are traditionally 12 屹s or topics for meditation (also known as Գܱṣ�, see Tattvārthasūtra 9.7 as locus classicus). In the present manuscript [Bāra 屹], only the first six are dealt with, each in a few stanzas, followed by a section-title: [e.g.,] 1. reflection on the transient (anitya, 4 stanzas, ends on 49v9). [...]

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

anitya (अनित्य).—a (S) Not enduring always; transitory, fugitive, fleeting. Ex. a0 prapañca jō anātmā. 2 Occasional, incidental.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

anitya (अनित्य).�a Not eternal, perishable, tran- sient. Unsteady. Uncertain.

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Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य).�a.

1) Not eternal or everlasting, transient, non-eternal, perishable (Բś) (opp. nitya); गन्धवती पृथ्वी सा द्विविधा नित्याऽनित्य� � (gandhavatī pṛthvī sā dvividhā nityā'nityā ca) T. S.9 (Ծٲ = ⲹū); See नित्� (nitya); यद� नित्यमनित्ये� निर्मल� मलवाहिना � यश� काये� लभ्येत तन्न लब्ध� भवेन्त� किम् (yadi nityamanityena nirmala� malavāhinā | yaśa� kāyena labhyeta tanna labdha� bhaventu kim) || H.1.45. रजस्वलमनित्य� � भूतावासमिम� त्यजेत� (rajasvalamanitya� ca bhūvāsamima� tyajet) Manusmṛti 6.77; धर्मोऽनित्यः सुखदुःखेऽप्यनित्ये जीवोऽनित्य� हेतुरस्य�- प्यनित्य� (dharmo'nitya� sukhaduḥkhe'pyanitye jīvo'nityo heturasyā- pyanitya�) Mb.

2) Occasional, temporary, casual; not peremptory or obligatory as a rule &c., special.

3) Unusual, extraordinary; वर्ण� चानित्ये (varṇe cānitye) P.V.4.31 (lohitaka� kopena, anyathā tu śvetavarṇa iti bhāva�); आनाय्योऽनित्ये ('Ծٲ) III.1.127 (sa hi gārhapatyādānīyate'nityaśca satatamaprajvalanāt Sk.) See VI.1. 147.

4) Unsteady, fickle, not permanent; अनित्य� यौवन� रूपम� (anitya� yauvana� rūpam) H.4.68; °हृदय� हि ता� (hṛdayā hi �) 峾.

5) Uncertain, doubtful; अनित्य� विजय� यस्माद� दृश्यत� युध्यमानयो� (anityo vijayo yasmād dṛśyate yudhyamānayo�) Manusmṛti 7.199; विजयस्� ह्यनित्यत्वात् (vijayasya hyanityatvāt) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 3.22.

6) (in grammar) A rule or operation which is not invariable or compulsory; optional.

-tyam adv. Occasionally, not permanently, incidentally, casually; अनित्य� हि स्थितो यस्मात� (anitya� hi sthito yasmāt) Manusmṛti 3.12.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य).—mfn.

(-ٲⲹ�-ٲ-ٲⲹ�) 1. Transient, not everlasting. 2. Occasional, incidental. 3. Irregular, unusual. E. a neg. nitya constant.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य).—adj. 1. perishable, 6, 77. 2. occasional, 7, 199. 3. inconstant. [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 4, 26; uncertain, 5, 29, 31. 4. ºⲹ, adv. not perpetually, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 3, 102. ĀٳԾٲⲹ, i. e.

Anitya is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms a and nitya (नित्�).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य).—[adjective] not everlasting, perishable, transient, inconstant; [abstract] [feminine], tva [neuter]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Anitya (अनित्य):—[=a-nitya] mfn. not everlasting, transient, occasional, incidental

2) [v.s. ...] irregular, unusual

3) [v.s. ...] unstable

4) [v.s. ...] uncertain

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldstücker Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य):—[tatpurusha compound] m. f. n.

(-ٲⲹ�-ٲ-ٲⲹ) 1) Transient, not ever-lasting (as the body, or in the Sāṅkhya philosophy the discrete principles mahat, ahaṅkāra &c. or in the Nyāya the sound &c.

2) Occasional, not peremptory, not obligatory as a rule &c. (see also 峾ⲹ; as in the Jyotiṣṭoma the six saṃsthās: atyagniṣṭoma, ukthya, ṣoḍaśin, atirātra, aptoryāma and Ჹⲹ &c.).

3) Not necessary, not immutable. See Ծٲⲹ.

4) Unstable, inconstant.

5) Unusual, irregular. (anityam not always.) E. a neg. and nitya.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य):—[a-nitya] (tya�-tyā-tya�) a. Transient; occasional, irregular.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Anitya (अनित्य) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: ṇi, ṇiⲹ.

[Sanskrit to German]

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Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Anitya in Hindi glossary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य) [Also spelled anity]:�(a) transient, transitory; variable; fleeting; hence~[] (nf).

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Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Anitya (ಅನಿತ್ಯ):—[adjective] not lasting; not permanent; temporary; impermanent.

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Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Anitya (अनित्य):—adj. 1. non-eternal; perishable; 2. occasional; temporary; casual;

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Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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