Adhyatma, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补n, Adhyatman: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Adhyatma means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Adhyatm.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: N膩峁瓂a-艣膩stra础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) refers to the 鈥減ersonal experience鈥� (the intuitive knowledge of the self). It is one of the three means of valid knowledge (辫谤补尘腻峁嘺). According to the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra 25.120-121, 鈥淒rama (苍腻峁瓂补) composed of veda and 补诲丑测腻迟尘补 is couched in words and metres, is testified by loka (actual life)鈥�.
: Google Books: Kal膩tattvako艣a (苍腻峁瓂补-艣膩stra)础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥擨n music, the identification of the three registers of musical sound, i.e. 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补 with 补诲丑测腻迟尘补, viewed in the locations in the human body are so strong that the N膩峁瓂a-艣膩stra equates the two and mentions only the 补诲丑测腻迟尘补 aspect while describing the three 蝉迟丑腻苍补蝉 of music, subsuming the 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补. Adhibh奴ta and 补诲丑测腻迟尘补 are intertwined in the sense that the process of sound-production is described with exclusive reference to the human body, mind and 腻迟尘补苍.
Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣膩stra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Yoga础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) refers to 鈥渢hat which pertains to the body鈥�. The Sub膩lopani峁d (fifth section) draws correspondences between that which pertains to the body (补诲丑测腻迟尘补), the elements (补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补) and their presiding deities (adhidaivata).
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) or 础诲丑测腻迟尘补vidy膩 refers to 鈥渟piritual (knowledge)鈥�, according to the Ha峁環aprad墨pik膩 of S惫腻tm膩r膩ma: an influential 15th-century Sanskrit manual on Hatha-Yoga dealing with techniques to channel one鈥檚 vital energy.鈥擜ccordingly, while discussing methods for conquering the mind: 鈥淎cquiring spiritual knowledge (补诲丑测腻迟尘补-vidy膩), associating with the wise, abandoning habitual tendencies and stopping the movement of the breath; according to tradition, [all] these methods are effective in conquering the mind. The [mind] is quickly overcome by these [methods of restraint] like the dust of the earth by streams [of water]鈥�.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 膩sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Ayurveda (science of life)
: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms膧诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶嗋ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ):鈥擳he psycho-spiritual
膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions膧诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶嗋ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) [=Adhy膩tmika?] refers to the 鈥渋nternal wheel (cakra)鈥�, according to verse 87.140 of the Brahmay膩mala-tantra (or Picumata), an early 7th century 艢aiva text consisting of twelve-thousand verses.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淥ne should meditate upon the internal (腻诲丑测腻迟尘补) [wheel/cakra] as external, and the external likewise as internal (补诲丑测腻迟尘颈办补). Considering [these] to be identical, one should then commence installation [of the mantra-deities] on the cakra鈥�.
Shaiva (啶多啶�, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) or 础诲丑测腻迟尘补citta refers to the 鈥渋nner mind鈥�, according to Mah膩praj帽膩p膩ramit膩艣膩stra (chapter 19).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淲hen generosity is practiced, the six sense organs (峁峁�-颈苍诲谤颈测补) are purified (prasanna) and a good mind of desire (办耻艣补濒补办腻尘补肠颈迟迟补) is produced. When this is produced, the inner mind (补诲丑测腻迟尘补-citta) is purified. When the virtues (驳耻峁嘺) of the fruit of retribution (惫颈辫腻办补辫丑补濒补) are considered, a mind of faith (艣谤补诲诲丑补肠颈迟迟补) is produced. The body (办腻测补) and the mind (citta) become softened (尘峁沝耻迟补谤耻峁嘺), joy (膩nanda) arises. Joy having arisen, a 鈥榮ingle-mindedness鈥� (ekacitta) is obtained, thanks to which real wisdom (产丑奴迟补辫谤补箩帽腻) is produced: these are the good dharmas that are acquired鈥�.
Mahayana (啶す啶距く啶距え, mah膩y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) or 补诲丑测腻迟尘补艣奴苍测补迟腻 refers to 鈥渋nternal emptiness鈥� one of the 鈥渢wenty emptinesses鈥� (艣奴苍测补迟腻) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 41). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., 补诲丑测腻迟尘补). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections膧诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶嗋ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) refers to 鈥渋nternal (asceticism)鈥�, according to the 11th century J帽膩n膩r峁嘺va, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by 艢ubhacandra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚n that regard, external asceticism is declared to be of six kinds beginning with fasting while internal [asceticism] (腻诲丑测腻迟尘补) is also of [six] kinds on account of the divisions beginning with atonement. Hardship of the limbs of the body is excellent in respect of the divisions beginning with fasting. Internal [asceticism] in the form of meditation is excellent in respect of the divisions beginning with atonement鈥�.
Synonyms: Abhyantara.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
: Google Books: Kal膩tattvako艣a, volume 3础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥擳he three terms, viz. 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补, adhidaiva and 补诲丑测腻迟尘补鈥攁re known today as a triad but they have also been used singly or in pairs, viz. 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补-补诲丑测腻迟尘补, 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补-adhidaiva, adhidaiva-补诲丑测腻迟尘补, their order being insignificant. Basically, the three stand for the outer or tangible (补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补), the intangible described as divine (adhidaiva) and the one pertaining to the 鈥榮elf鈥� identified with the body, mindm, 腻迟尘补苍, etc. (补诲丑测腻迟尘补). This triad has very deep roots in Indian though reflected in Vedic and later literature.
础诲丑测腻迟尘补 has been identified here with 蝉惫补产丑腻惫补 which is explained by Abhinavagupta in his commentary as 肠补颈迟补苍测补产丑腻惫补 that is never dissociated from self. The most common meaning of the term 补诲丑测腻迟尘补 is 鈥榖elonging to self鈥�, or 鈥榦ne鈥檚 corporeal body鈥�, 鈥榗oncerning an individual鈥�. The term 腻迟尘补苍 is of crucial significance in Indian thought. Basically it denotes the essence of anything that is all-pervading. The etymology of the word 腻迟尘补苍 is uncertain. It is variously derived from the roots an-鈥榯o breath鈥� (cf. 辫谤腻峁嘺), at-鈥榯o move鈥�, or 惫腻-鈥榯o blow鈥�. With adhi, it forms a neuter indeclinable compound 补诲丑测腻迟尘补n.
Kosha (啶曕啶�, ko艣a) refers to Sanskrit lexicons intended to provide additional information regarding technical terms used in religion, philosophy and the various sciences (shastra). The oldest extant thesaurus (kosha) dates to the 4th century AD.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary补诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥攏 S The sense, faculty, or power which apprehends, takes cognizance of, receives impressions from an 补诲丑颈产丑奴迟补 or entity. See 补诲丑颈诲脓惫补迟补. 2 Dissertation or discourse on the Deity as the mundane soul or pervading and ruling spirit. Ex. 膩ja pur膩峁嚹乶ta kath膩 navhat墨 a0 ca nigh膩l膿峁� or g艒s膩vy膩n膿峁� kath膩 ph膩ra l膩val墨 n膩h墨峁� a0 ca l膩val膿峁� h艒t膿峁�.
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adhy膩tm膩 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶�).鈥攎 S The soul; the spirit as individuate or distinct from the Supreme essence, and as presiding over the body. 2 Knowledge of self, or of spirit, or of the Deity.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English补诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥�n The supreme spirit mani- fested as the individual self.
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adhy膩tm膩 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶�).鈥�m The soul; knowledge of self.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥�a. [腻迟尘补苍a. sa峁僢addha峁�, 腻迟尘补苍i adhik峁泃a峁� 惫腻] Belonging to self or person; concerning an individual.
-tmam ind. [腻迟尘腻苍补尘补诲丑颈办峁泃测补] Concerning self.
-tmam The supreme spirit (manifested as the individual self) or the relation between the supreme and the individual soul; 啶呧啷嵿し啶班 啶啶班す啷嵿ぎ 啶ぐ啶 啶膏啶掂き啶距さ啷嬥そ啶о啶ぞ啶む啶ぎ啷佮啷嵿く啶む (ak峁ra峁� brahma parama峁� svabh膩vo'dhy膩tmamucyate) Bhagavadg墨t膩 (Bombay) 8.3 (svasyaiva brahma峁嘺 e惫腻峁兣沘tay膩 j墨vasvar奴pe峁嘺 bh膩vo bhavana峁� sa eva 膩tm膩na峁� dehamadhik峁泃ya bhokt峁�- tvena vartam膩no'dhy膩tma艣abdenocyate 艢r墨dhara) 'Brahman is the supreme, the indestructible; its manifestation (as an individual self) is 啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ (补诲丑测腻迟尘补)' -Telang's Bhagavadg墨t膩;
-tman 1 Egotism; 啶曕ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶距ぃ啷嵿く啶о啶ぞ啶む啶え啶� 啶班啶︵啶班 啶う啶灌 啶ぎ啶むぞ 啶曕啶班た啶ぞ (karm膩峁噛补诲丑测腻迟尘补n膩 rudre yadaha峁� mamat膩 kriy膩) Bh膩g. 7.12.29.
2) Wind; 啶膏啶ぐ啷嵿ざ啶ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠた 啶む啶掂啶 (spar艣am补诲丑测腻迟尘补ni tvacam) Bh膩gavata 7.12.27. 掳啶氞啶むじ啶� (肠别迟补蝉腻) Bhagavadg墨t膩 (Bombay) 3.3.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补n (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠ).鈥攎.
(-迟尘腻) 1. The soul, individuated spirit, or that which belongs to and presides over the body. 2. The supreme spirit. E. adhi, and 腻迟尘补苍 self or soul.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥攊. e. adhi-腻迟尘补苍, n. The supreme soul, [Bhagavadg墨t膩, (ed. Schlegel.)] 8, 3.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ).鈥擺adjective] concerning one鈥檚 self, one鈥檚 own; [neuter] [adverb] (tmama), as subst. the supreme soul.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ):鈥擺=补诲丑测-腻迟尘补] n. the Supreme Spirit
2) [v.s. ...] mfn. own, belonging to self
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldst眉cker Sanskrit-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ):鈥擨. [tatpurusha compound] n.
(-tmam) The supreme soul or 腻迟尘补苍 (q. v.), sometimes considered as identical with 辫谤腻峁嘺 (q. v.) and, in the sectarian doctrine, especially with N膩r膩ya峁嘺 or Vi峁ａ箛u. Ii. Avyay墨bh.
(-tmam) Concerning or relating to soul, life &c.; see 腻迟尘补苍. A chapter in the Upan. treating thereon contains the following subjects: the lower jaw, the upper jaw, speech and tongue; another passage comprises under this topic
1) the vital airs: 辫谤腻峁嘺, ap膩na, vy膩na, ud膩na, sam膩na,
2) the organs of sensation: eyes, ears, manas, speech, skin (tvach) and
3) the elementary parts of the body: skin (charman), flesh, tendons, bones, marrow. E. adhi and 腻迟尘补苍, sam膩s膩nta aff. 峁璦肠.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补n (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠ):鈥擺补诲丑测腻+迟尘补苍] (迟尘腻) 5. m. Spirituality; all-pervading spirit; the soul.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ajbhattha, Ajbhappa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ) [Also spelled adhyatm]:鈥�(nm) spiritual contemplation; —[箩帽腻苍补] spiritual knowledge; ~[paraka] spiritual; hence ~[辫补谤补办补迟腻] (nf);—[yoga] the discipline involved in withdrawal of senses from mundane objects and their concentration on the Supreme Being; ~[惫腻da] spiritualism; -[惫颈诲测腻/艣腻蝉迟谤补] metaphysics.
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Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (嗖呧钵喑嵿帛嗖距菠喑嵿伯):鈥擺adjective] of or relating to the Self, and the Supreme; of the spirit or the soul as distinguished from the body or material matters, characterised by the ascendancy of the spirit; showing much refinement of thought and feeling; spiritual.
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础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (嗖呧钵喑嵿帛嗖距菠喑嵿伯):鈥�
1) [noun] that which is concerned with the Supreme and the individual soul and the relation between them.
2) [noun] the philosophical doctrine that all reality is in essence spiritual; spiritualism.
3) [noun] spiritual character, quality or nature; spirituality.
4) [noun] the true nature of the soul and the Supreme Spirit.
5) [noun] any organ or structure, as an eye or a taste bud, containing afferent nerve terminals that are specialised to receive specific stimuli and transmit them to the brain; a sense organ.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary础诲丑测腻迟尘补 (啶呧ぇ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿ぎ):鈥攏. 1. the supreme sprit; 2. relationship of identity of the soul with the supreme spirit; spiritual matters;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+12): Adhyatmabhagavata, Adhyatmabindu, Adhyatmabodha, Adhyatmacandrika, Adhyatmacetas, Adhyatmacinta, Adhyatmacintamani, Adhyatmacitta, Adhyatmadarshana, Adhyatmadhyana, Adhyatmagita, Adhyatmaguna, Adhyatmaka, Adhyatmakalpadruma, Adhyatmakalpataru, Adhyatmakarikavali, Adhyatmam, Adhyatmamimamsa, Adhyatmapradipa, Adhyatmapradipika.
Full-text (+110): Adhyatmarati, Adhyatmashastra, Adhyatmajnana, Adhyatmavidya, Adhyatmadrish, Adhyatmam, Adhyatmayoga, Adhyatmavid, Adhyatmika, Adhyatmapradipika, Adhyatmacintamani, Adhyatmaramayana, Adhyatmacetas, Adhyatmashunyata, Adhyatmavrish, Adhyatmavit, Adhyatmaprakasha, Adhidaiva, Adhyatmasara, Adhyatmagita.
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Search found 107 books and stories containing Adhyatma, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补, Adhy膩tm膩, Adhi-atma, Adhi-膩tma, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补n, Adhyatman, 膧诲丑测腻迟尘补, Adhi-腻迟尘补苍, Adhi-atman; (plurals include: Adhyatmas, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补s, Adhy膩tm膩s, atmas, 膩tmas, 础诲丑测腻迟尘补ns, Adhyatmans, 膧诲丑测腻迟尘补s, 腻迟尘补苍s, atmans). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 7.29 < [Chapter 7 - Vi箩帽腻苍补-Yoga (Yoga through Realization of Transcendental Knowledge)]
Verse 8.1 < [Chapter 8 - T膩raka-brahma-yoga (the Yoga of Absolute Deliverance)]
Verse 8.3 < [Chapter 8 - T膩raka-brahma-yoga (the Yoga of Absolute Deliverance)]
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Jnaneshwari (Bhavartha Dipika) (by Ramchandra Keshav Bhagwat)
Verse 8.1 < [Chapter 8 - Akshara-brahman-yoga]
Verse 10.32-33 < [Chapter 10 - Vibhuti-yoga]
Verse 8.3 < [Chapter 8 - Akshara-brahman-yoga]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Ch枚dr枚n)
Class 6: The eight spheres of mastery (abhibh惫腻yatana, abhibhu-膩yatana) < [Class (5) liberations, (6) masteries and (7) totalities]
Class 5: The eight liberations (vimok峁) < [Class (5) liberations, (6) masteries and (7) totalities]
3. Second dhy膩na < [Part 3 - Definition of the various dhy膩nas and sam膩pattis]
Thirty minor Upanishads (by K. Narayanasvami Aiyar)
Subala Upanishad of Shukla-yajurveda, Chapter V
Muktika Upanishad of Shukla-Yajurveda, Chapter I
Kena upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
Mantra 4.5 < [Book 4 - Caturtha-Kha峁囜笉a]
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