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Significance of Jetavanavihara

Jetavanavihara is a significant site in Buddhism, recognized differently across traditions. In South Asia, it is seen as a vihara established by Sudatta, known as Anathapindada, which has fallen into ruins. For Mahayana Buddhism, it is a renowned monastery in Sravasti where the Buddha imparted numerous teachings, particularly on moral conduct. Meanwhile, in Theravada Buddhism, Jetavanavihara is viewed as a newly constructed vihara within Mahavihara, leading to conflicts among monks.

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The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Jetavanavihara'

Buddhism Books

Jetavanavihara in Buddhism signifies an important monastery in Sravasti where the Buddha imparted teachings on moral conduct, constructed by Sudatta, and later causing disputes among bhikkhus due to its contentious new establishment within Mahavihara.

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra

(1) A monastery built by Sudatta for the Buddha to provide shelter and a place for teachings.[1] (2) A famous monastery in Sravasti where the Buddha delivered many teachings, including discussions on moral conduct and behavior.[2]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Significance in Buddhism (general):

From: The Fo-Sho-Hing-Tsan-King (A Life of Buddha)

(1) A Buddhist monastery and significant place where Buddha preached and where rituals and offerings were made.[3] (2) A location referenced for being the origin point of significant texts and the redaction process within the Mahasanghika school of thought.[4]

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Mahavamsa

(1) A new vihara constructed within the boundaries of the Mahavihara, leading to disputes among the bhikkhus.[5]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

The concept of Jetavanavihara in local and regional sources

History Books

Jetavanavihara, built for Buddha by Sudatta (Anathapindada), is a significant site now in ruins, reflecting its historical importance within Buddhist heritage and its connection to the life of Buddha in ancient times.

Significance in South Asia:
South Asia Books

From: The travels of Fa-Hian (400 A.D.)

(1) A notable Buddhist monastery revered for being the location where Buddha spent a significant portion of his life.[6] (2) A location that reportedly used the precepts obtained by Fa-Hian during the time of Buddha.[7]

From: Buddhist records of the Western world (Xuanzang)

(1) A vihara built for Buddha by Sudatta, known as Anathapindada, which is now in ruins.[8]