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Significance of Arka

Arka is a multifaceted term in Hinduism, symbolizing man and closely associated with Agni, representing joy from offerings and the sun's energy. In Puranic texts, it denotes another name for the Sun-god linked to prayers for desires. Dharmashastra describes Arka as a sun deity and a plant used for boundary planting. In Rasashastra, it refers to a significant plant for preparation processes. Historically, Arka represents the sun in Oj language, signifies the number 12, and denotes a solar year in time divisions. In science, it is recognized as an ayurvedic herb with antimicrobial properties.

In Dutch: Arka; In Finnish: Arka; In German: Ark; In Spanish: Arte

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Arka'

Hinduism Books

Arka in Hinduism signifies various concepts including a sun deity, a vital plant, a representation of man, and elements linked to Agni. It's revered for its life-giving properties and connection to rituals and treatment practices.

Significance in Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy):
Rasashastra Books

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 2: Minerals (uparasa)

(1) Another component of the ksharas, used in the treatment of mica.[1]

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances

(1) Another plant mentioned as significant for the preparation process.[2]

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 4: Iatrochemistry

(1) Alkali from arka is one of the ingredients in the mixture.[3]

Rasashastra is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) A deity representing the sun, revered for its energetic and vital influences.[4] (2) A particular plant noted for its milky juice, categorized under plants suitable for planting on boundaries.[5]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Significance in Hinduism (general):

From: Satapatha-brahmana

(1) A term that represents man, tied closely to the symbolism of Agni.[6] (2) Identified as Agni; describes joy derived from oblations, and is a similar concept as the sun and breath.[7]

The concept of Arka in local and regional sources

History Books

Arka encompasses multiple meanings: it's a time unit equating to a solar year, signifies the number 12 for multiplication in verses, and denotes the sun in the Oj language, highlighting its significance in time, numerology, and nature.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: History of Science in South Asia

(1) A word that means 12 and is used to multiply something by 12 in a verse.[8] (2) Arka is a unit of time, which is a solar year and is listed with other time units, from ahan to ayana, in the context of time divisions.[9]

From: Sanskrit Words In Southeast Asian Languages

(1) This term, originating from the Oj language, refers to the sun, the star that provides light and warmth to the Earth.[10]